Endocrine Pharm High Yield

Question 1

Which 2 oral glucose medications work synergistically?

Answer 1

metformin and sulfonylureas

Question 2

What are the 2 main AE of metformin?

Answer 2

lactic acidosis and GI upset

Question 3

Name the class:

Chlorpropamide
Tolbutamide

Answer 3

1st generation sulfonylureas

Question 4

Name the class:

Glipizide
Glimepride
Glyburide

Answer 4

2nd Generation sulfonylureas

Question 5

Main AE of the ALL sulfonylureas?

Answer 5

Hypoglycemia

Weight gain

Question 6

Specific AE to chlorpropamide and tolbutamate?

Answer 6

Disulfram like reaction

Question 7

Which sulfonylureas should be avoided in hepatic dysfunction?

Answer 7

glipizide

Question 8

Which sulfonylureas should not be used in renal failure?

Answer 8

ALL of them!!

Question 9

Which oral hypoglycemics inhibit intestinal brush border alpha glucosidases?

Answer 9

alpha glucosidase inhibitors

Acarbose and miglitol

Question 10

Main AE of acarbose and miglitol?

Answer 10

GI/ Diarrhea/ Flatulence

Hepatotox

Question 11

Which oral hypoglucemics bind PPAR gtranscription regulator to increase insulin sensitivity?

Answer 11

Pioglitazone

Rosiglitazone

Question 12

What are the main AE of pioglitazone and rosglitazone?

Answer 12

Weight gain, hepatotox, risk of fractures, heart failure and edema

Question 13

What are the GLP 1 analogs?

Answer 13

Exenatide

Liraglitide

Question 14

How do Exenatide and liraglitide work?

Answer 14

increase insulin and decrease glucacon

Question 15

Major AE of exenatide and liraglitide?

Answer 15

N/V and pancreatitis

Question 16

Name the DPP-4 inhibitors?

Answer 16

Linagliptin

Saxagliptin

Sigagliptin

Question 17

How doe DPP-4 inhibitors work?

Answer 17

Prevent the breakdown of GLP-1

Question 18

Which oral hypoglycemic is an amylin analog?

Answer 18

pramlintide

Question 19

Which oral hypoglucemic is an SGLT2 inhibitor that blocks the reabsorption of glucose in the PCT?

Answer 19

Canagliflozin

Question 20

AE of canagliflozin?

Answer 20

glycosuria and UTIs

Question 21

What is thyroid medication can also block peripheral conversion of T4–> T3? How does it do this?

Answer 21

Propylthiouracil

It blocks 5- deiodinase

Question 22

Which thyroid med can be used in pregnancy?

Answer 22

propylthiouracil

Question 23

AE of propylothiouracil and methimazole?

Answer 23

skin rash
Agranulocytosis (P>M)
aplastic anemia
Hepatotoxicity (P)

Question 24

What are conivaptan and Tolvaptan?

Answer 24

ADH antagonist

Question 25

What is GH used in?

Answer 25

GH deficiency and turner syndrome

Question 26

What s somatostatin used to treat?

Answer 26

acromegaly, carcinoid syndrome gastrinoma glucagonoma, esophageal varices

Question 27

What is demeclocycline and what is it used to treat?

Answer 27

ADH antagonist and it is used to treat SIADH

Question 28

What are the possible AE of demeclocycline?

Answer 28

nephrogenic DI, photosensitivity, abnormailites of bone and teeth

Question 29

Which glucocorticoud has both muneralcorticoid and glucocorticoid activity?

Answer 29

fludrocortisone

Question 30

What is cinacalcet?

Answer 30

Sensitizes Ca sensing receptors in PTH gland to circulating Ca in order to decrease PTH

Question 31

AE of cinacalcet?

Answer 31

Hypocalcemia