Endocrine Pharm High Yield Flashcards
Which 2 oral glucose medications work synergistically?
metformin and sulfonylureas
What are the 2 main AE of metformin?
lactic acidosis and GI upset
Name the class:
Chlorpropamide
Tolbutamide
1st generation sulfonylureas
Name the class:
Glipizide
Glimepride
Glyburide
2nd Generation sulfonylureas
Main AE of the ALL sulfonylureas?
Hypoglycemia
Weight gain
Specific AE to chlorpropamide and tolbutamate?
Disulfram like reaction
Which sulfonylureas should be avoided in hepatic dysfunction?
glipizide
Which sulfonylureas should not be used in renal failure?
ALL of them!!
Which oral hypoglycemics inhibit intestinal brush border alpha glucosidases?
alpha glucosidase inhibitors
Acarbose and miglitol
Main AE of acarbose and miglitol?
GI/ Diarrhea/ Flatulence
Hepatotox
Which oral hypoglucemics bind PPAR gtranscription regulator to increase insulin sensitivity?
Pioglitazone
Rosiglitazone
What are the main AE of pioglitazone and rosglitazone?
Weight gain, hepatotox, risk of fractures, heart failure and edema
What are the GLP 1 analogs?
Exenatide
Liraglitide
How do Exenatide and liraglitide work?
increase insulin and decrease glucacon
Major AE of exenatide and liraglitide?
N/V and pancreatitis
Name the DPP-4 inhibitors?
Linagliptin
Saxagliptin
Sigagliptin
How doe DPP-4 inhibitors work?
Prevent the breakdown of GLP-1
Which oral hypoglycemic is an amylin analog?
pramlintide
Which oral hypoglucemic is an SGLT2 inhibitor that blocks the reabsorption of glucose in the PCT?
Canagliflozin
AE of canagliflozin?
glycosuria and UTIs
What is thyroid medication can also block peripheral conversion of T4–> T3? How does it do this?
Propylthiouracil
It blocks 5- deiodinase
Which thyroid med can be used in pregnancy?
propylthiouracil
AE of propylothiouracil and methimazole?
skin rash
Agranulocytosis (P>M)
aplastic anemia
Hepatotoxicity (P)
What are conivaptan and Tolvaptan?
ADH antagonist
What is GH used in?
GH deficiency and turner syndrome
What s somatostatin used to treat?
acromegaly, carcinoid syndrome gastrinoma glucagonoma, esophageal varices
What is demeclocycline and what is it used to treat?
ADH antagonist and it is used to treat SIADH
What are the possible AE of demeclocycline?
nephrogenic DI, photosensitivity, abnormailites of bone and teeth
Which glucocorticoud has both muneralcorticoid and glucocorticoid activity?
fludrocortisone
What is cinacalcet?
Sensitizes Ca sensing receptors in PTH gland to circulating Ca in order to decrease PTH
AE of cinacalcet?
Hypocalcemia
