Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Step 1 Review > Behavioral Science High Yield > Flashcards

Behavioral Science High Yield Flashcards

1
Q

Define Berkson bias?

A

study population selected from hospital is less healthy than general population

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is healthy worker effect?

A

study population is healthier than the general population

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is non-responsible bias?

A

Participating subjects differ from nonresponders in meaningful ways

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is a strategy to reduce selection bias?

A

randomization

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What type of studies is recall bias common in?

A

retrospective studies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is measurement bias?

A

information is gathered in a way that distorts it

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is procedure bias?

A

Subjects in different groups are not treated the same

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is observer- expectancy bias?

A

Researchers belief in the efficacy of a treatment changes the outcome of tha treatment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are ways to decrease procedure bias and observer expectancy bias?

A

Blinding!

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is a confounding bias?

A

When a factor is related to both the exposure and outcome but not ina causal way

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Does the standard error of mean increase or decrease with increase in sample size?

A

Decrease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

% in 1 SD, 2 SD and 3SD?

A 
1= 68%
2= 95%
3= 9.7%
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is a positive skew?

A

Longer tail on right (outliers on right)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is a negative skew?

A

Longer tail on left (outliers on left)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What does a null hypothesis state?

A

There is no relationship

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is alpha?

A

Type I error–> study shows there is a relationship when there is none inreality

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is beta?

A

Type II error–> study shows that there is no relationship when there actually is one

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What can decrease Type II error?

A

Increase power!

Increase sample size
Increased expected effected size
Increase precision of measurement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is alpha usually set to?

A

P

20
Q

What is the equation for statistical power?

A

Power= 1-beta

21
Q

Equation for confidence interval?

A

CI= mean +/- Z

Z= SEM

SEM= Standard deviation/ square root of sample size

22
Q

What is the Z for a 95% CI?

A

1.96

23
Q

What is the Z for a CI of 99%?

A

2.58

24
Q

T/F” If 95% CI for a mean difference between 2 variables includes 0 then there is no significant differents

A

True

Null hypothesis is not rejected

25
Q

T/F: If the 95% for odds ratio or relative risk includes 1

A

True

26
Q

T/F: If the CI’s between 2 groups overlap the there is no significant difference exists

A

True

27
Q

“Checks differences between means of 2 groups”

A

T test

28
Q

“chects difference between means of 3 or more groups”

A

ANOVA

29
Q

“checks difference between 2 or more percentages or proportions of categorical outcome (not means)”

A

Chi squared test

30
Q

“checks difference between 2 or more percentages or proportions of categorical outcome (not means)”

A

Chi squared test`

31
Q

Order of surrogate decision makers?

A

Spouse> adult children> parents> adult sibling > other relative

32
Q

What is APGAR?

A 
Appearance
Pulse
Grimace
Activity
Respirations
33
Q

What is a good APGAR score?

A

7 or above

34
Q

How is low birthweight defined?

A
35
Q

What are 4 possible complications of low birth weight?

A

1- RDS
2- Necrotizing enterocolitis
3- Intraventricular hemorrhage
4- Persistent fetal circulation

36
Q

When does each of the following reflexes disappear?

Moro
Rooting
Palmar
Babinski

A

Moro- 3 months

Rooting- 4 months

Palmar- 6 months

Babinski- 12 months

37
Q

Age of crawling?

A

8 months

38
Q

Points to objects at what age?

A

12 months

39
Q

Age of social smile?

A

2 months

40
Q

Age to feed self with fork and spoon?

A

20 months

41
Q

Age of parallel play?

A

24- 36 months

42
Q

Age of core gender indentity formed?

A

36 months

43
Q

Age of cooperative play, and imaginary friends?

A

4 yo

44
Q

Suicide rate increase or decrease in the elderly?

A

Increase

45
Q

What is resbycusis?

A

Sensorineuronal hearing loss due to destruction of hair cells at the cochlear base

Preserved low frequency hearing

46
Q

What is presbycusis?

A

Sensorineuronal hearing loss due to destruction of hair cells at the cochlear base

Preserved low frequency hearing

Step 1 Review (62 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions