Oesophageal Benign Tumours & Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Question 1

Types of benign oesophageal tumours?

Answer 1

• Squamous papilloma
• Leiomyomas
• Lipomas
• Fibrovascular polyps
• Granular Cell tumours

Question 2

What is a malignant oesophageal tumour?

Answer 2

Squamous cell carcinoma

Question 3

Who gets malignant?

Answer 3

More common in males
Patients with vitamin A deficiency, zinc deficiency
Patients who consume a lot of tannic acid (strong tea)
African/asian
Smoking/alcohol
HPV infection
Oesophagitis

Question 4

How do malignant oesophageal tumours present?

Answer 4

Dysphagia
General malignancy symptoms- anaemia, wt loss, fatigue
Occurs in middle 3rd of oesophagus

Question 5

How are malignant tumours diagnosed?

Answer 5

-Endoscopic biopsy
-Invasion of oesophagus wall, T nodes, N and Metastases M
-CT scan: local staging/pulmonary mets
MRI: local staging
Endoscopic US can investigate node mets
Laproscopy
PET confirms distant mets

Question 6

How are malignant oesophageal tumours treated?

Answer 6

Surgery 
Pre-operative (neo-adjuvant) chemoradiation therapy 
Palliative therapy 
Chemoradiation alone 
Nutritional support

Question 7

Common mets of oesophageal tumours?

Answer 7

Floor of mouth
Lateral border of and ventral tongue
Soft palate
Retromolar pad/tonsillar pillars