Conventional Colorectal Carcinoma Flashcards
1
Q
How common is colorectal cancer?
A
The 2nd most common cause of cancer death in the UK
2
Q
What is it?
A
Uusally takes form as polypoid mass with ulceration which spreads by direct infiltration through the bowel wall
3
Q
Where do its mets go?
A
Spread through bowel wall, through the blood and lymph to the lungs and liver
4
Q
Who gets it?
A
People with mutation in the APC gene & P53 gene although most have no genetic risk
- People over 65
- Long standing inflammatory bowel disease (Crohn’s/UC)
- Smokers
5
Q
How does right side conventional colorectal cancer present?
A
- Unexplained iron deficiency
- Persistent tiredness
- Persistent and unexplained change in bowel habit
- Unexplained weight loss
- Abdominal pain (colicky)
- Lump in abdomen
6
Q
How does left sided conventional colorectal carcinoma present?
A
- Rectal bleeding
- Feeling of incomplete emptying
- Worsening constipation
7
Q
How is it diagnosed?
A
- Colonoscopy (Gold standard)
- Stool sample every years
- Barium enema
- CT colonography
8
Q
When is a polyp an adenocarcinoma?
A
If the epithelial cells cross the muscularis mucosa
9
Q
How is it treated?
A
Staged by CT of chest, abdo, pelvis Surgery Chemo& radiation Liver and lung resection if necessary Palliation (stentingm palliative radio/chemotherapy, bypass)
