gi assessment Flashcards
What are signs of fluid loss in children?
Poor skin turgor, dry mucous membranes, and lack of tears.
Why must nurses be aware of subjective vs. objective reporting in GI assessment?
To distinguish between patient/family-reported symptoms and measurable clinical signs.
Is weight loss common in children with GI issues?
No, weight loss is rare and should be investigated.
Why are infants and young children more vulnerable to fluid/electrolyte imbalances?
Due to immature kidneys, higher surface area-to-body mass ratio, and a higher percentage of body fluid as ECF.
What is an important nursing consideration for families during GI assessments?
Providing family reassurance.
Name a nursing diagnosis related to parent-infant bonding in GI illness.
Altered parenting related to interference with establishing the parent-infant bond.
What nursing diagnosis relates to the family unit during a child’s chronic GI illness?
Altered family processes related to a chronic illness in the child.
What diagnosis addresses fluid concerns from chronic diarrhea?
Fluid volume deficiency risk related to chronic diarrhea.
What diagnosis is related to nutrient absorption issues?
Malnutrition risks related to malabsorption of essential nutrients.
What psychosocial diagnosis may apply to children with dietary restrictions?
Situational low self-esteem related to feelings of being different due to dietary recommendations.
How are most pediatric GI issues diagnosed?
Clinically, based on symptoms and patterns.
What diagnostic tools are used for GI concerns in children?
Endoscopy, colonoscopy, and radiology studies.
What are major sources of fluid and electrolyte loss in children?
Vomiting and diarrhea.
What labs are needed in GI concerns?
Labs to evaluate fluid loss and electrolyte imbalances.
What are some alternative feeding methods in pediatric GI therapy?
Enteral feeding (nasogastric or gastrostomy tube).
What therapy is used to reset the GI tract through nutrition support?
TPN and IV therapy.
What surgical interventions can help reset the GI tract?
Colostomy or ileostomy.
What education should be provided in GI care?
Nutrition (general and specialized), hygiene, and vaccination.
What percentage of body weight is fluid in infants, children, and adolescents?
Infants: 70%, Children: 65%, Adolescents: 60%.
How does extracellular fluid (ECF) differ by age?
Infants: 45%, Children: 30%, Adolescents: 25%.
Why do infants lose more fluid through urine?
Their kidneys are immature and cannot concentrate urine effectively.
Why do infants have greater insensible fluid loss?
Due to greater surface area relative to body mass (loss through skin, lungs, saliva).
