reproductive life planning contraceptives - Sheet1 Flashcards
What is the most important factor to consider when helping a patient choose a contraceptive method?
Personal choice/values.
What are additional factors to consider when selecting a contraceptive method?
Ability to use the method correctly, sexual enjoyment, financial factors, prior experiences, future plans, and menstrual cycle expectations.
What information should be obtained before starting a new contraceptive method?
Vital signs, pregnancy test, Pap smear, STI screening, obstetric/STI history, subjective information about desires and feelings, sexual practices.
What are some examples of barrier contraception methods?
Condoms, spermicide, female condoms, the diaphragm, the vaginal sponge.
What are some examples of hormonal contraception methods?
The pill, progesterone-only mini pill, morning-after pill (MAP), contraceptive patch, injection, and implant.
What is an example of intrauterine contraceptives?
Intrauterine device (IUD).
What are examples of permanent contraception?
Vasectomy and tubal ligation.
What are common side effects of combined oral contraceptives?
Nausea, headaches, breast tenderness, weight gain or loss.
What are common side effects of the contraceptive patch?
Skin irritation, breast discomfort, nausea, and headaches.
What are common side effects of the contraceptive ring?
Vaginal irritation, nausea, headaches, and breast tenderness.
What are common side effects of intrauterine devices (IUDs)?
Cramping and pain during insertion, irregular bleeding, and expulsion of the IUD.
What are contraindications for estrogen-based oral contraceptives related to pregnancy and postpartum?
Pregnancy and postpartum <6 weeks while breastfeeding.
Why is age >35 years and heavy smoking a contraindication for estrogen-based OCs?
Increased risk of cardiovascular complications.
What blood pressure levels contraindicate estrogen-based OCs?
Systolic >160 mmHg or diastolic >99 mmHg.
What complications with diabetes contraindicate estrogen-based OCs?
Neuropathy, retinopathy, nephropathy, or vascular disease.
What vascular conditions contraindicate estrogen-based OCs?
History of DVT, pulmonary embolism, ischemic heart disease, stroke, or complicated valvular disease.
Why is severe cirrhosis or active viral hepatitis a contraindication for estrogen-based OCs?
Liver function is compromised, increasing the risk of adverse effects.
What are warning signs of myocardial or thromboembolic complications when taking combined oral contraceptives?
“ACHES” mnemonic: Abdominal pain (severe), Chest pain (severe), Headache (severe), Eye problems, Severe leg pain.
What does “A” in the ACHES mnemonic stand for?
Abdominal pain (severe).
What does “C” in the ACHES mnemonic stand for?
Chest pain (severe) with cough and shortness of breath (SOB).
What does “H” in the ACHES mnemonic stand for?
Headache (severe) with dizziness, shortness of breath, and aura.
What does “E” in the ACHES mnemonic stand for?
Eye problems (vision loss, blurring, or flashes of light).
What does “S” in the ACHES mnemonic stand for?
Severe leg pain (calf or thigh) indicating a possible deep vein thrombosis (DVT).