peds: injuries Flashcards
What is the leading cause of death for children and adolescents?
Injuries (MVAs, falls, drowning, gun violence, overdose/poisoning).
What should always be evaluated in pediatric injuries?
Maltreatment/abuse.
What are common causes of head trauma in children?
MVAs, bicycles/scooters, sports, playground falls.
What are key management steps for head trauma?
Head/neck stabilization, assess for increased ICP.
What does clear fluid from the nose/ear after head trauma indicate?
Possible CSF leak (risk of infection).
What is a subdural hematoma?
A serious brain bleed, often from head trauma.
What is shaken baby syndrome?
Abusive head trauma from forceful shaking of an infant/toddler.
What are symptoms of shaken baby syndrome?
Extreme fussiness, difficulty staying awake, breathing problems, poor eating, vomiting, pale/bluish skin, seizures.
What additional assessment is needed for shaken baby syndrome?
Family dynamics and support evaluation.
What is sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS)?
Sudden, unexplained death of an infant under 1 year.
How can SIDS be prevented?
“Back to sleep,” no tobacco/smoke, firm bed (no soft bedding/toys), no cosleeping, breastfeeding, immunizations, no honey, avoid overheating.
What is the most common cause of unrecognized fatal injury in children?
Abdominal trauma.
What is a common organ injured in abdominal trauma?
The spleen.
How is abdominal trauma assessed?
Respirations, pallor, hypotension.
What is the gold standard for diagnosing internal injuries?
CT scan.
What is the leading cause of death for children aged 1-4 in Florida?
Drowning.
What are key prevention strategies for drowning?
Fencing, gating, supervision, CPR knowledge, do not rely solely on swim lessons.
What can near-drowning lead to?
Brain injury, permanent damage.
What is the Poison Control Center number?
1-800-222-1222.
How many poison exposures occur in children under 6 each year?
Over 1 million.
What should be assessed in pediatric overdose/poisoning?
Careful history, risk-taking behaviors (especially in adolescents), medication storage safety.
What are other common pediatric injuries?
Athletic injuries, animal bites, burns.
