calculating fluid Flashcards
How do you calculate fluid requirements for a child weighing up to 10 kg?
100 mL/kg per 24 hours.
How do you calculate fluid needs for a child weighing 11–20 kg?
1,000 mL + 50 mL/kg for each kg over 10 kg.
How do you calculate fluid needs for a child weighing more than 20 kg?
1,500 mL + 20 mL/kg for each kg over 20 kg.
What is a common cause of emesis in children?
Acute gastroenteritis (bacterial or viral).
Name some other causes of vomiting.
Obstruction, increased intracranial pressure (ICS), pregnancy, cyclic vomiting syndrome, post-tussive emesis, motion sickness.
What are complications of emesis?
Dehydration and electrolyte imbalance.
What fluids should be used for maintenance during vomiting episodes?
Clear fluids.
What fluids should be used for rehydration?
Oral rehydration solutions (ORS).
What are the key components of vomiting assessment?
Timing, forcefulness, description, distress, duration, and amount.
What is the recommended rehydration method for mild dehydration?
ORS, water, or diluted juice in small, frequent amounts.
What types of food are recommended after vomiting?
Lean protein, fruits, vegetables, complex carbohydrates.
Is the BRAT diet recommended for children post-vomiting?
No, limited BRAT or similar diets are no longer indicated.
How should infant feeding be managed during vomiting?
Increase breastfeeding or formula every 30 minutes for 10 minutes.
What signs of dehydration should be monitored in infants and children?
At least one wet diaper in 6 hours, presence of tears, skin turgor, and mucous membrane moisture.
What medications may be considered for vomiting?
Antiemetic medications.
What intervention may be needed for significant dehydration?
IV fluid administration.
