Carotid Artery Stenosis

Question 1

Where does carotid artery stenosis typically occur?

Answer 1

This stenosis most commonly occurs at the bifurcation of the common carotid artery as alterations to the flow of blood in this area promote the deposition of lipids in this area.

Question 2

How does carotid artery stenosis present?

Answer 2

Carotid bruit on auscultation but otherwise asymptomatic unlesss ischaemic complication occurs with:

TIA
Stroke
Amaurosis fugax

Question 3

What is the key investigation for carotid artery stenosis?

Answer 3

Duplex ultrasonography

Question 4

What s the magnagement?

Answer 4

Carotid endarterectomy

Carotid stenting

-> ideally within one week of event and patients IDEALLY symptomatic

Question 5

What is the medication management for caroti artery stenosis?

Answer 5

Aspirin 75mg
Statin 80mg for those with atherosclerotic

Question 6

What is the threshold for carotid artery endartectomy with ischaemic event?

Answer 6

Must be at least 70% stenosis for intervention
Symptoms of ischaemic event like TIA in corresponding area

Question 8

What is the threshold for carotid endartectomy with symptomatic isiplateral stenosis?

Answer 8

50%

Question 9

What does acute dyspnoea and harsh Inspiratory sound and tenderness and swelling post-carotid endartectomy indicate?

Answer 9

Wound haematoma due to fialure to close carotid artery causing bleeding into subcutaneous tissue,.

Question 10

How does vagus nerve injury prevent?

Answer 10

hoarse voice, gastroparesis and tachycardia

Question 11

How