Buerger’s Disease Flashcards
What is Buerger’s disease?
Buerger’s disease is a non-atherosclerotic vasculitis characterised by the occlusion of small and medium-sized arteries. Typically affects the hands and feet.
What is the epidemiology of BUerger’s disease?
Buerger’s disease is most commonly observed in young male smokers of Mediterranean and Middle Eastern origin.
What is the cause ofbuerger’s disease?
Smoking
Genetic predisposition
Endothelial dysfunction
What are the features of Buerger’s disease?r;
Corkscrew shaped collateral vessels
Acutely ischaemic limb
Raynaud’s phenomenon
Ulcers or wounds associated with gangrene
Superficial migratory thromboplebitis
What is superficial migratory thrombophlebitis?
inflamed veins due to formation of thrombus in superficial venous vascualture that appear as tender, reddish, cord-like structures under the skin.
What are the investigations of Burerg’s?
Arterial Doppler ill show diminished or absent pulses distal to occlusion
Arterial duplex can be used to visualise
CT/MRI angiography
What is the management of Buerger’s disease?
Smoking cessation
Vasoactive medications
Nifedipine
NSAIDs
What is nifedipine?
A calcium channel blocker that promotes vasodilation and improves blood flow to the affected areas.
What is takayasu’s arteritis?
Large artery vasculitis primarily affecting young women of Asian descent. Typically targets aorta and its branches and causing absent arm pulses.
What causes ischaemic pain at rest, arterial ulcers and gangrene?
Critical limb ischaemia
What causes pain, pulse news, pallor and cold limb?
Acute limb ischaemia
What causes cramping pain in lower limbs after walking certain distance and relieved by rest?
Chronic limb ischaemia, brought on by increased oxygen demand.
What is the cause of superficial migratory thrombophlebitis?
Varicose veins
Pro-inflammatory states
Cannlation
Hormonal contraceptive use
What are the investigations for superficial migratory thrombophlebitis for diagnosis?
Doppler ultrasound
What is the management of superficial thrombophlebitis?
NSAIDs, ideally topical
Warm compresses and elevating limb
Wat must e avoided in superficial thrombophlebitis?
Compression stockings because it is a peripheral vascular disease
