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AP Bio > Animal Behavior > Flashcards

Animal Behavior Flashcards

1
Q

Behavior

A

actions in response to a stimulus

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2
Q

Behavior Ecology

A

study of animal activity with regard to fitness (reproductivity –> surviving in order to passing on genes)

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3
Q

Innate Behavior

A

inborn behavior (not develped/gained over time)

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4
Q

What are some examples of innate Behavior

A

fixed action pattern, migration, behavioral rhythms, animal signals and communication

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5
Q

Fixed action pattern

A

behaviors that begin and go through to completion when there is a stimuli (innate) so not learned

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6
Q

sign stimulus

A

the stimulus (cue for a behavior to happen)

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7
Q

Migration

A

move in usually large groups during a season from one location to another

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8
Q

how do animals know to migrate

A

based of the location of the sun or the stars, temp, magnitude of the earth, length of the day

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9
Q

behavorial rhythms

A

behaviors that are innate + done due to environmental cues

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10
Q

behavioral rhythms are due to what

A

length of the day

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11
Q

Animal signals and communication

A

1- signal: making stimulus for another organism to receive; this is not necessarily heard/interpreted/responded to
2- communication: when stimulus is made and other organism responds to it

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12
Q

Learned behavior

A

gained through observation/practce + gained through lifetime

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13
Q

examples of learned behavior

A

imprinting, spatial learning, cognitive maps, associataive learning, social learning, cognitive and problem solving

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14
Q

Imprinting

A

there’s a period of time in which animals will learn a behavior and keep it for the rest of its life

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15
Q

example of imprinting

A

duck sees mom and learns to follow that duck for the rest of its life

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16
Q

spatial learning

A

behavior that Is learned based on where things/objects in your environment

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17
Q

cognitive maps

A

Mental images animals recall where objects are

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18
Q

example of use of cognitive maps

A

how to get home from objects

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19
Q

Associate Learning

A

associating something in the environment with something else that you should do

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20
Q

example of associative learning

A

when the owner rings the bell, the dog comes and eats

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21
Q

Classical conditioning

A

making there be a connection between 2 environmental things that normally aren’t related

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22
Q

types of associative learning

A

classical conditioning and operant conditioning

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23
Q

operant conditioning aka

A

trial and error learning

24
Q

trial and error learning

A

where an animal learns to do something based on getting reads for doing something good and a consequence for doing something bad

25
Q

cognition

A

advanced form of learning because the organism is aware and is able to have judgement and remember something

26
Q

problem solving

A

being able to solve a problem with information (using a method/process)

27
Q

Social learning

A

learning by observationc

28
Q

culture

A

system for passing on info through social learning –> done through teaching between organisms

29
Q

foraging

A

looking for good

30
Q

optimal foraging model

A

there’s a cost/benefit relationship between getting food (eating) and something bad such as wasting energy –> this model questions whether the cost is worth the risk

31
Q

different types of mating systens

A

promiscuous, monogamous, polygamous

32
Q

promiscuous

A

individuals of both sexes will typically mate with multiple individuals of the opposite sex

33
Q

monogamous

A

one partner

34
Q

how can you tell if an animal is monogamous

A

if you can’t really distinguish between the males and females

35
Q

polygamous

A

one gender got ALLOTTTAAA hoes but not the other one

36
Q

how can you tell if an organism is polygamous

A

if one of them is bigger and the other is smaller (male vs. female)

37
Q

polygyny

A

only da male got a lotta hoes

38
Q

polyandry

A

only da female got a lotta hoess

39
Q

Sexual dimorphism

A

difference in shape and design between the genders of a particular species

40
Q

mating systems

A

describes how and why males and females pair up when they wanna mate

41
Q

Prenatal Care

A

care given to organisms (usually more focused on the padre) if the parent organism KNOWS FOO SHOUREE that the baby has their genes and they’d be taking care of their genes

42
Q

intrasexual

A

males fight or size up to get a female

43
Q

intersexual

A

male ask female if they wanna mate

44
Q

what is better to determine if its ur kid external or internal fertilization and why is this relevant

A

external –> know its your kid so dad would stay bc they know it’s they’re genes they’re protecting and not someone elses

45
Q

Altruism

A

friendly behavior towards other animals (even sometimes, when it causes harm to self)

46
Q

purpose of altruism (why do animals bother doing it)

A

USUALLY to protect the young bc u alr passed down ur genes so now u js need to protect them

47
Q

types of genetic bases of behavrio

A

altruism and inclusive fitness

48
Q

inclusive fitness

A

organisms with similar genes [IN THE SAME SPECIES] will protect each other (put themselves at risk) bc they know that the other organisms can produce more fertile offspring than the singular organism themselves (protector)

49
Q

hamiltons rule

A

altruists will sacrifice themselves if the related offspring has similar enough genes to it

50
Q

reciprocal altruism

A

doing something and expecting something in return

51
Q

what does the R represent in the Hamilton’s rule formula

A

relatedness

52
Q

relatedness

A

proportion of shared genes

53
Q

what does the B represent in the Hamilton’s rule formula

A

benefit of the recipient –> like how many offspring (copies of genes) were produced

54
Q

what does the C represent in the Hamilton’s rule formula

A

cost to the altruist

55
Q

play

A

organisms play fight and look like thye low-key hunting each other

AP Bio (69 decks)

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