14.1 + 14.2 Origin of Species and Defining a Species

Question 1

Is there a distinct definition for a species

Answer 1

no

Question 2

How many definitions of a species are there?

Answer 2

4

Question 3

What are the 4 species concepts

Answer 3

1) biological species concept
2) morphological species concept
3) ecological species concept
4) phylogenetic species concept

Question 4

Speciation

Answer 4

the process by which one species splits into two or more species

Question 5

species

Answer 5

a group of populations whose members have the potential to interbreed and produce viable fertile offspring

Question 6

Biological Species Concept

Answer 6

the definition of a species that states that organisms that have the ability to MATE and create fertile offspring is a species

Question 7

According to the Biological Species Concept species are

Answer 7

reproductively isolated

Question 8

Reproductive isolation

Answer 8

the existence of barriers that cause 2 different species to not be able to reproduce and create fertile offspring

Question 9

How many problems are there with the Biological Species Concept?

Answer 9

3

Question 10

What are the problems with the biological species concept?

Answer 10

1) Hybrids
2) Prokaryotes
3) Extinct Species

Question 11

Hybrids

Answer 11

organisms that are produced when 2 different species mate and reproduce

Question 12

What is an example of hybrids?

Answer 12

Polar Bear + Grizzly Bear = Grolar Bear

Question 13

Why are hybrids an example of a problem with the biological species concept?

Answer 13

Bc hybrids cannot always mate and create fertile offspring with the original species

Question 14

Why are prokaryotes a problem with the biological species concept?

Answer 14

bc they reproduce with binary fission

Question 15

Why are extinct species a problem with the biological species concept?

Answer 15

bc they cannot mate anymore

Question 16

Morphological Species Concept

Answer 16

phenotypically similar organisms belong to the same species

Question 17

What is an advantage of the morphological species concept?

Answer 17

can be applied to asexual organisms and fossils and does not require info on possible interbreeding

Question 18

What is a disadvantage of the morphological species concept?

Answer 18

relies on subjective criteria; researches do not always agree on features used to distinguish species

Question 19

Morphology

Answer 19

form of biology that focuses on structural similarities between living organisms

Question 20

Ecological Species Concept

Answer 20

identifies a species based on organisms that live in the same ecosystem (based on the environment, and the organisms role in it )

Question 21

Phylogenetic Species Concept

Answer 21

defining a species through its ancestry

Question 22

How are species traced by using the phylogentic species concept?

Answer 22

comparing morphology, DNA sequences, and biochemical pathways