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AP Bio > 13.1 Darwin's Theory of Evolution > Flashcards

13.1 Darwin's Theory of Evolution Flashcards

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1
Q

How many people/ideas influenced Charles Darwin

A

5

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2
Q

What were the 5 people/ideas that influenced Charles Darwin?

A

1) James Hutton
2) Charles Lyell
3) Jean-Baptiste Lamarck
4) Thomas Malthus
5) Artificial Selection

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3
Q

How did James Hutton influence Charles Darwin?

A

he came up with the idea of deep time

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4
Q

Deep Time

A

the Earth is more than thousands of years old because there is no way that oceans, lands, etc. only developed in thousands of years

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5
Q

During the time of Charles Darwin when did people believe that the Earth was made?

A

thousands of years ago

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6
Q

During the time of Charles Darwin why did people believe that the Earth was made thousands of years ago

A

it was the idea of the church/religion and anyone who disagreed would be punished severely as a heretic

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7
Q

How did Charles Lyell influence Darwin

A

he came up with the idea of Uniformitairianism

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8
Q

Uniformitairianism

A

the idea that you need to use the science of the present to explain the science of the past (scientific changes of the Earth)

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9
Q

How did Jean-Baptiste Lamarck influence Darwin

A

he came up with the idea of inheritance of acquired characteristics

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10
Q

Inheritance of Acquired Characteristics

A

acquired characteristics are passed from generation to generation

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11
Q

Was Jean-Baptiste Lamarck’s idea fully correct

A

no

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12
Q

What did Jean-Baptiste Lamarck get correct in his idea of Inheritance of Acquired Characteristics

A

traits are passed on (genetic; from gametes)

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13
Q

What was Jean-Baptiste Lamarck mocked about in his idea of Inheritance of Acquired Characteristics

A

Organisms CANNOT evolve
things that you do to your body such as getting tattoos, earrings will not be passed on

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14
Q

How did Thomas Malthus influence Darwin

A

came up with the idea of keeping human population in check and that there are non human factors that keep population in check such as sickness war and famine

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15
Q

Artificial Selection is aka

A

Selective Breeding

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16
Q

Artificial Selection

A

Man selecting organisms with specific traits to produce wanted offspring.

17
Q

How does aritificial selection affect evolution

A

because shows how humans can directly influence evolution how they want

18
Q

Charles Darwin

A

joins naturalist in 5yr voyage around South America, stops (only significant one) at Galapagos Islands

19
Q

What ship was Charles Darwin’s voyage on

A

the Beagle

20
Q

What did Darwin create

A

the Theory of Evolution, eventually published a paper bc of fear a different scientist would publish it first, and the book the origin of species

21
Q

Why was Darwin initially hesitant about publishing his paper on the theory of evolution

A

bc the church would see him as a heretic

22
Q

What animals did darwin talk about

A

big friendly turtles
weird birds with blue feet called finches

23
Q

Theory

A

a widely accepted explanatory idea that is broader in scope than a hypothesis generates new hypotheses and is supported by a large body of evidence

24
Q

Evolution by Natural Selection is supported by how many ideas

A

3

25
Q

What are the 3 ideas that support Natural Selection

A

1) Struggle for existence
2) Variation and Adaption
3)Survival of the Fittest

26
Q

Struggle for Existence

A

idea that there are only too many resources for organisms so only some will be able to reproduce

27
Q

Variation and adaption

A

organisms that are better adapted to their environment will be able to reproduce

28
Q

Survival of the Fittest

A

organisms that reproduce more are fit q

29
Q

Variation

A

why not every organism is adapted the same

30
Q

Variation is critical to

A

a species surviving

31
Q

Population

A

group of organisms of the same species that live in a specific location

32
Q

Evolve

A

beneficial changes to reproduction slowly leaving/coming into a population

33
Q

________ do not evolve ______ do

A

individuals; populations

34
Q

How many patterns of biodiversity are there

A

3

35
Q

What are the 3 patterns of biodiversity

A

1) Species vary globally
2) Species vary locally
3) Species vary over time

36
Q

Species vary globally

A

there are differeny species in differeny places around the world

37
Q

Species vary locally

A

there are different species in different parts of the same continent, country, etc.

38
Q

Species vary over time

A

there are different species in different points in time

39
Q

Natural Selection

A

the process through which populations of living organisms adapt and change

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