30.3 Human Digestive System Flashcards
What is the purpose of the Human Digestive System
to convert food into useful molecules and nutrients
How many main steps does the digestive system have
4
What are the main steps of the digestive system
1) Ingestion
2) Digestion
3) Absorption
4) Elimination
Ingestion
to take in food
What do humans take in food through
their mouths
Digestion
taking the food and breaking it down
How many forms/parts of digestion are there
2
What are the 2 forms/parts of digestion
Mechanical and Chemical Digestion
Mechanical Digestion
physical break down of food
Chemical Digestion
enzymes that convert the food into something else
Absorption
absorb the monomers into the bloodstream
Elimination
create shit
How many types of digestion occur in the mouth
both - chemical and mechanical
What is the first step of the digestive system
eating food WOAH
2nd step of the digestive system
mechanical digestion
Where is the first area where mechanical digestion occurs
the mouth with the teeth
How many different types of teeth are there
4
What are the 4 types of teeth
1) Incisors
2) Canines
3) Pre-molars
4) Molars
Incisors
first teeth (in the front) for tearing
Canines
Second set of teeth; also for tearing
Pre-molars
before the molars WOAH; 3rd set of teeth; for grinding
Molars
Last set of teeth all the way in the back; 4th set of teeth; also for grinding
How do the teeth mechanically digest food
they mechanically break down the food so they can be easily chemically digested + the tongue gland also manipulates it
How does the mouth chemically digest food
the salivary glands secrete saliva into the mouth which coats food, making it moister and easier to chew + and secretes enzymes that break down the food
Why do salivary glands secrete saliva
bc u hungry
How many salivary glands do humans have
2
Saliva contains ____
mucus
Saliva begins chemical digestion with ______ which has ____
amylase; lysozyme
Amylase
an enzyme that is in saliva which breaks down polysaccharides into disaccharides and also breaks down bonds in starches which forms sugar
Lysozyme
an enzyme that is in salivary amylase which kills bacteria by digesting their cell walls
What does lysozyme protect us against
viruses, infections, etc.
Is lysozyme always effective
no
When salivary amylase breaks down the polysaccharides into dissacharides what do they form
bolus
Where does the bolus pass by first after it is created in the mouth
the pharyznx
What aids the bolus pass through the pharynx
the tongue which pushes it down
Pharynx
