psychosis

Question 1

perceive something without external stimulus

Answer 1

hallucination

Question 2

misinterpret something that is actually there (think tree branch is arm reaching at you)

Answer 2

illusion

Question 3

false beliefs that persist despite obvious proof of contrary (people on TV are talking to you, aliens talking to you)

Answer 3

delusion

Question 4

psychosis is a distorted perception of reality characterized by

Answer 4

delusions
hallucinations
+/- disorganized thought (loose associations)/speech

Question 5

visual hallucinations common in

Answer 5

dementia

medical intoxication

Question 6

auditory hallucinations common in

Answer 6

psychiatric illness (schizophrenia)

Question 7

olfactory hallucinations

Answer 7

before seizure (aura)
smell of BURNING RUBBER
or brain tumor

Question 8

tactile hallucinations

Answer 8

alcohol or cocaine withdrawal (formication:sensation of bugs, ants crawling under skin)

Question 9

hypnagogic hallucinations

Answer 9

hyponaGOgic = GOing to sleep
usually AUDITORY
associated with narcolepsy

Question 10

hyponMic hallucinations

Answer 10

M = morning

associated with narcolepsy

Question 11

gross anatomy of schizophrenia

Answer 11

smaller
enlarged ventricles
thin cortex
damage to areas of brain related to language/auditory

Question 12

cause of schizophrenia

Answer 12

genetic predisposition
+ need environmental infections: in-utero viral infection, toxin exposure, birth trauma
EXPOSURE to psychoactive (marijuana, LSD, cocaine, amphetamines) substances during adolescence + young adulthood

Question 13

> 6mo: psychosis + decline in functioning

Answer 13

schizophrenia

Question 14

diagnosis of schizophrenia

Answer 14

2 or more of 5 following for >6 mo:
Positive symptoms "add" - NEED 1 OF FIRST 3:
delusion
hallucinations (auditory usually)
disorganized speech
grossly disorganized or catatonic behavior (rigid, unresponsive or hyperactive)
Negative symptoms "remove":
flat affect
social withdrawal
no motivation
poverty of speech (alogia)
thought blocking
poor grooming

Question 15

cause of schizophrenia

Answer 15

↑ DA in mesolimbic pathway causes positive symptoms

↓ DA in mesocortical tracts causes negative symptoms

Question 16

presents earlier in men: teens-20s (30s in women)

↑ risk of suicide

Answer 16

schizophrenia

Question 17

psychotic symptoms (pos/neg sx)

Answer 17

brief psychotic disorder

Question 18

psychotic symptoms (pos/neg sx) 1-6 mo

Answer 18

schizophreniform disorder

Question 19

psychotic sx for >2 wks in absence of mood disorder AND

time period with psychosis + major mood disorder episode (major depressive or manic) at same time

Answer 19

schizoaffective disorder (psychosis is dominant feature)

Question 20

psychosis during acute mood disorder

Answer 20

major depressive disorder with psychotic features (mood is dominant feature)

Question 21

avoid social interaction: live far

Answer 21

schizoid personality disorder

schizoid’s AVOID

Question 22

may avoid social interaction
odd thinking: becomes a palm-reader (vs schizophrenic -could actually make it happen)
strange behavior

Answer 22

schizotypal personality disorder

Question 23

fixed, persistent delusional belief system lasting >1 mo (believe married to celebrity, ex-girlfriend stalking)
functioning is not impaired

Answer 23

delusional disorder

Question 24

2 people can share a delusion

Answer 24

folie a deux

Question 25

treatment of psychosis

Answer 25

better at treating positive sx vs negative sx (whether atypical or typical)