antibiotics

Question 1

most common cause of UTI

Answer 1

E. coli - 80%

Question 2

treatment of UTI

Answer 2

cover G-:
TMP-SMX
aminopenicillins
fluoroquinolones
nitrofurantoin

Question 3

antibiotic prophylaxis for meningococcal meningitis exposure

Answer 3

ciprofloxacin (DOC)
rifampin (children)
ceftriaxone

Question 4

antibiotic prophylaxis for endocarditis with dental procedures if have mechanical valves or damaged valves (usually due to viridan streptococci)

Answer 4

aminopenicillin: amoxicillin (used most), ampicillin
penicillin V
if pen allergy:
clindamycin
azithromycin
cephalexin (1st gen)

Question 5

antibiotic prophylaxis for gonnorrhea exposure (assume if sexually-assaulted)

Answer 5

ceftriaxone

Question 6

antibiotic prophylaxis for history of UTIs

Answer 6

long-term use:
TMP-SMX
nitrofurantoin
amoxicillin
cephalexin

Question 7

antibiotic prophylaxis for pregnant woman carrying GBS

Answer 7

ampicillin

Question 8

antibiotic prophylaxis for gonococcal and chlaymydial conjunctivitis in newborn

Answer 8

erythromycin ointment

Question 9

antibiotic prophylaxis for postsurgical infection due to s. aureus

Answer 9

cefazolin

Question 10

antibiotic prophylaxis for strep pharyngitis in child with prior rheumatic fever

Answer 10

oral penicillin

Question 11

antibiotic prophylaxis for syphilis exposure

Answer 11

penicillin G (IV or IM)

Question 12

antibiotic prophylaxis for H. influenzae meningitis exposure

Answer 12

rifampin

Question 13

antibiotic prophylaxis for pneumocystis jirovecii (causes pneumonia in AIDS patients)

Answer 13

TMP-SMX (start when CD4

Question 14

safe during pregnancy

Answer 14

penicillins
aminopenicillins
piperacillin
cephalosporins
macrolides: azithromycin or erythromycin
metronidazole: after first tri 
nitrofurantoin: UTI

Question 15

penicillin for neonatal infection

Answer 15

ampicillin + gentamicin

Question 16

penicillin for syphilis

Answer 16

penicillin G (IM or IV)

Question 17

penicillin for pseudomonas

Answer 17

ticarcillin
carbenicillin
piperacillin

Question 18

next step in treatment of otitis media if resistant to amoxicillin

Answer 18

amoxicillin + clavulonic acid