GU micro bugs

Question 1

caused by HPV 6 and 11

Answer 1

condylomata acuminata = genital warts (STD)

Question 2

koilocytosis: perinuclear cystoplasmic clearing

Answer 2

HPV infection

Question 3

women initially asymptomatic: cervicitis, urethritis → PID (do have symptoms)
men: urethritis, dysuria, mucopurulent discharge, epidiymitis (unilateral pain, swelling of testicle)
disseminated infection: gonococcal arthritis

Answer 3

gonorrhea: N. gonorrhoeae

Question 4

joint pain in young, sexually active patient

Answer 4

N. gonorrheae

Question 5

if infected with N. gonorrheae, this assume infected with

Answer 5

C. trachomatis D-K

Question 6

most common bacterial STI

Answer 6

C. trachomatis D-K

Question 7

most common viral STI

Answer 7

condyloma acuminata

Question 8

women asymptomatic: cervicitis, urethritis, dysuria → PID
men: urethritis, epididymitis, prostatitis
reactive arthritis
conjunctivitis: infected genital secretions to the eye

Answer 8

C. trachomatis D-K

Question 9

urethritis
arthritis
uveitis

Answer 9

reactive arthritis: most common cause is C. trachomatis D-K

Question 10

lymphogranloma venerum

Answer 10

C. trachomatis L1-L3 (STD)

Question 11

PAINLESS genital ulcer

extends into lymphatics → PAINFUL inguinal LAD (buboes - can rupture)

Answer 11

lymphogranloma venerum: C. trachomatis L1-L3 (STD)

Question 12

STDs that can cause genital ulcers

Answer 12

lymphogranuloma venereum: C. trachomatis L1-L3
HSV (1: cold sores, 2: genital herpes)
chancroid
syphilis

Question 13

PAINFUL vesicles on erythemetous base → erode → become shallow ulcers
if 1° infection: fever, headache, malaise, myalgia

Answer 13

HSV (STD)

Question 14

PAINFUL genital ulcer

PAINFUL inguinal LAD

Answer 14

haemophilus ducreyi: chancroid (STD)

Question 15

PAINFUL ulcers with distinct borders

purulent exudate from ulcers

Answer 15

haemophilus ducreyi: chancroid (STD)

Question 16

G- rod that causes STD

“school of fish” appearance

Answer 16

haemophilus ducreyi: chancroid (STD)

Question 17

chancre: PAINLESS genital ulcer (edges raised)

Answer 17

treponema pallidum: 1° syphilis (STD)

Question 18

spirochete that causes STD

Answer 18

treponema pallidum: syphilis (STD)

Question 19

systemic infection: fever, headache, malaise, general LAD
RASH
CONDYLOMA LATA

Answer 19

treponema pallidum: 2° syphilis (STD)

Question 20

Neurosyphilis: tabes dorsalis, argyll robertson pupil
CV syphilis: aortitis
Gummatous syphilis: gummas

Answer 20

treponema pallidum: 3° syphilis (STD)

Question 21

erythematous macules → become papules

PALMS + SOLES

Answer 21

rash of 2° syphillis

Question 22

flat, smooth, moist white lesions near genitals from STD

Answer 22

condyloma lata: 2° syphilis (STD)

Question 23

granulomatous lesion on skin from STD

Answer 23

gumma: 3° syphilis (STD)

Question 24

PAINLESS ulcers from STD

Answer 24

lymphogranuloma venereum: C. trachomatis L1-L3

syphilis chancre: T. pallidum

Question 25

PAINFUL ulcers from STD

Answer 25

chancroid: H. ducreyi

HSV

Question 26

strawberry cervix

Answer 26

trichomonas vaginalis

Question 27

ascending infection of upper reproductive tract:
uterus: endometritis
fallopian tube: salpingitis, hydrosalpinx (if tubes blocked with fluid), tubo-ovarian abscess
ovary: oophoritis
fitz-hugh curtis syndrome: infection of liver capsule - “violin string” adhesions

Answer 27

PID

Question 28

common organisms that can cause PID

Answer 28

infection gets past cervical mucous barrier → allow normal vaginal flora in (polymicrobial)
N. gonorrhoeae
C. trachomatis

Question 29

pelvic pain, low ab pain
cervical motion tenderness “chandelier sign”
mucopurulent cervical discharge
complications: infertility, chronic pelvic pain, ECTOPIC PREGNANCY

Answer 29

PID

Question 30

treatment for PID

Answer 30

broad spectrum antibiotics

Question 31

common cause of UTIs

Answer 31

G- rods: E. coli (fecal matter)

Question 32

populations prone to UTIs

Answer 32

women
children: vesicoureteral reflux
urinary tract obstruction (BPH, tumors, stones
indwelling catheter
bladder dysfunction/stasis: neurogenic bladder in diabetes, spinal cord injury
pregnancy
immunosuppresion

Question 33

dysuria
frequency
urgency
suprapubic pain
hematuria

Answer 33

cysitis

Question 34

cystitis symptoms + 
fever/chills
N/V
flank pain
CVA tenderness

Answer 34

pyelonephritis

Question 35

diagnosis of cystitis/pyelonephritis

Answer 35

confirmed by UA

Question 36

common causes of UTI

Answer 36

E.coli -80%
Proteus mirabilis
Klebsiella pneumoniae
Enterobacter
G+: staph saprophyticus (2nd most common cause of UTI in young, sexually active women)
hospitalized:
serratia marcesens
pseudomonas

Question 37

G- rod
“swarming” motility in culture
produces urease: struvite stones (fill in renal pelvis and extend into calices “staghorn calculus”

Answer 37

proteus mirabilis

Question 38

function of urease

Answer 38

hydrolyzes urea → ammonia →↑ pH of urine (more alkaline) → struvite stones (magnesium ammonium phosphate)

Question 39

most common type of nosocomial infection

Answer 39

UTI from indwelling catheter

Question 40

catheter-associated UTI in hospital

Answer 40

E.coli (most common)
G- rods
pseudomonas
candida

Question 41

ventilator-associated pneumonia

Answer 41

pseudomonas

s. aureus

Question 42

central line (venous catheter) infections

Answer 42

staphylococcus epidermidis sepsis

Question 43

surgical wound/decubitus ulcers in hospital

Answer 43

s. aureus

Question 44

parenteral nutrition (IV)

Answer 44

candida sepsis

Question 45

outbreak of diarrhea in hospital

Answer 45

C.diff

highly transmissible in hospital