other vascular diseases Flashcards
arterial vasospasm →↓ blood flow to fingers +/- toes
pallor (white) → cyanosis - deoxygenated blood trapped (blue) → reperfusion once spasm resolves (red)
caused by: cold temps, emotional stress (symp activation)
raynaud phenomenon
diseases with raynaud phenomenon
idiopathic = Raynaud disease mixed CT disease thromboangiitis obliterans = Buerger disease (smokers) lupus CREST scleroderma
treatment for raynaud phenomenon
avoid cold: shift from warm to cold triggers vasospasm
dihydropyridine CCB: vasodilators
congenital disorder affecting capillaries
intracranial AV malformation: leptomeningeal angioma (can affect meninges + eye) → seizures, early-onset glaucoma, intellectual disability, hemiplegia
sturge-weber disease
port-wine stain (purple red) in ophthalmic or maxillary (V1/V2) division of trigeminal nerve - DOESN’T regress
intracranial AV malformation deeper in brain
sturge-weber disease
differential for red, skin lesions (vascular tumors)
sturge-weber disease strawberry hemangioma cherry hemangioma pyogenic granuloma glomus tumor bacillary angiomatosis angiosarcoma lymphangiosarcoma kaposi sarcoma
pink red
benign hemangioma of cutaneous surface capillaries in infants
grows for up to 6 mo → spontaneously regress (gone by 8 yo)
strawberry hemangioma
benign hemangioma of cutaneous surface capillaries
DOESN’T regress, more as age
cherry hemangioma
RAISED capillary hemangioma - can ulcerate and bleed
associated with trauma + pregnancy (lips + gums)
pyogenic granuloma
cavernous lymphangioma of neck
associated with Turner syndrome
cystic hygroma
neck pathology associated with turner syndrome
cystic hygroma
webbing of neck
benign, painful, red-blue tumor under fingernails
glomus tumor
caused by bartonella henselae
benign capillary skin papules in AIDS patients (mistaken for kaposi sarcoma - must do skin biopsy to confirmd diagnosis for either)
bacillary angiomatosis
types of kaposi sarcoma
indolent: older men, mediterranean descent
endemic: sub-saharan africa
infected with HHV-8: AIDS (KS is an aids-defining illness if HIV+)
endothelial malignancy of skin (also mouth, GI tract, respiratory tract)
kaposi sarcoma
