Language Flashcards
Speech
Phonation and articulation that does not necessarily imply communication
Language
Communication through the use of symbols
What artery supplies most of the language centers of the brain?
MCA
Aphasia
Abnormal language expression due to a disorder affect previously acquired language ability
Fluency
Ease and quantity of speech without regard for its contents or meaning
Paraphasia
Abnormal word or syllable substitution - ranges from letters (“boor” instead or door) to words (green instead of blue) or to neologisms.
Broca’s Aphasia
Posterior Inferior Frontal Lobe Lesion in Dominant Hemisphere
- Fluency is impaired leading to words being slowly spoken with comprehension preserved and imperfect repetition
What other symptoms may Broca’s aphasia be seen with?
Right hemiparesis as the primary motor cortex is just posterior to Broca’s area.
Wernicke’s Aphasia
Posterior Superior Temporal Lobe Lesion in Dominant Hemisphere
- Fluency is preserved but comprehension is impaired with imperfect repetition
Conduction Aphasia
Lesion of Arcuate Fasciculus
- Loss of connection between Wernicke’s and Broca’s area and more closely resembles a mild Wernicke’s
Global Aphasia
Large Lesion of Perisylvian Language Region
- Patient is unable to speak or communicate and follows no commands or gestures and has severe hemiplegia
Alexia
Disconnect of visual center from the language center leading to the impairment of reading
Agraphia
Lesion disconnects motor cortex from dominant hand language centers leading to difficulty with writing
Prosody
Semantic and emotional meaning of language conveyed via pitch
Aprosodia
Nondominant lesions of the reciprocal language centers leading to the impairment of understanding and use of prosody