Language Flashcards

1
Q

Speech

A

Phonation and articulation that does not necessarily imply communication

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2
Q

Language

A

Communication through the use of symbols

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3
Q

What artery supplies most of the language centers of the brain?

A

MCA

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4
Q

Aphasia

A

Abnormal language expression due to a disorder affect previously acquired language ability

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5
Q

Fluency

A

Ease and quantity of speech without regard for its contents or meaning

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6
Q

Paraphasia

A

Abnormal word or syllable substitution - ranges from letters (“boor” instead or door) to words (green instead of blue) or to neologisms.

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7
Q

Broca’s Aphasia

A

Posterior Inferior Frontal Lobe Lesion in Dominant Hemisphere

  • Fluency is impaired leading to words being slowly spoken with comprehension preserved and imperfect repetition
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8
Q

What other symptoms may Broca’s aphasia be seen with?

A

Right hemiparesis as the primary motor cortex is just posterior to Broca’s area.

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9
Q

Wernicke’s Aphasia

A

Posterior Superior Temporal Lobe Lesion in Dominant Hemisphere

  • Fluency is preserved but comprehension is impaired with imperfect repetition
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10
Q

Conduction Aphasia

A

Lesion of Arcuate Fasciculus

  • Loss of connection between Wernicke’s and Broca’s area and more closely resembles a mild Wernicke’s
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11
Q

Global Aphasia

A

Large Lesion of Perisylvian Language Region

  • Patient is unable to speak or communicate and follows no commands or gestures and has severe hemiplegia
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12
Q

Alexia

A

Disconnect of visual center from the language center leading to the impairment of reading

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13
Q

Agraphia

A

Lesion disconnects motor cortex from dominant hand language centers leading to difficulty with writing

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14
Q

Prosody

A

Semantic and emotional meaning of language conveyed via pitch

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15
Q

Aprosodia

A

Nondominant lesions of the reciprocal language centers leading to the impairment of understanding and use of prosody

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16
Q

Lesion in Non-Dominant Posterior Superior Temporal Lobe

A

Sensory aprosodia where patient has trouble understanding and mimicking prosody but they will have normal prosody when speaking.

17
Q

Lesion in Non-Dominant Posterior Inferior Frontal Lobe

A

Motor aprosodia where patient cannot use prosody in normal speech and cannot mimic it but can understand the prosody when hearing it used by others.