Emerging Viruses Flashcards
Why aren’t all viremic viruses transmitted by mosquitoes?
Not all viruses can replicate in the stomach of the mosquito - most are destroyed.
How do mosquitoes transmit viruses?
Mosquito injects saliva containing virus particles and anti-coagulant, and then sucks blood
What family is Yellow Fever virus?
Flavivirus
Is there a vaccine for Yellow Fever?
Yes - live-attenuated
What is the reservoir for Yellow Fever?
Monkeys
What is the reservoir for Dengue Virus?
Monkeys
What disease has antibody dependent enhancement?
Dengue Fever - immunization with type-2 predisposes people to more severe disease when infected with another type
What family is West Nile Virus?
Flavivirus
What is the reservoir of West Nile Virus?
Marsh Birds
Who gets the most severe disease in West Nile Virus?
Older people
What is Zika virus associated with?
Microcephaly in newborns
What is the most common course of Zika virus infection?
Asymptomatic Infection
What is the most common cause of epidemic encephalitis in the US?
West Nile Virus
What is the SECOND most common cause of epidemic encephalitis in the US?
St. Louis Encephalitis Virus
What family is Chikungunya virus?
Togavirus
Why are tire yards a health risk?
They can have standing water - mosquito breeding ground
How are bunyaviruses transmitted?
Mosquitoes
What family is Colorado Tick Virus from?
Reovirus (Rotavirus is another virus in this family)
What family is Omsk Virus?
Flavivirus
What family is Ebola virus?
Filovirus
What is the pathogenesis of Ebola?
Viral replication in multiple organs that leads to lysis of cells and hemorrhagic fever
What is thought to be the reservoir of Ebola?
Bats
What family is SARS?
Coronavirus
How is SARS spread?
Respiratory
What is the typical presentation of SARS?
Almost always causes a fever - can have respiratory symptoms as well
What is the reservoir of MERS?
Bats - Camels are the source for transmission to humans
Is Hantavirus transmissible human to human?
No
