Enteroviruses

Question 1

What disease does coxsackie virus cause?

Answer 1

Hand, foot and mouth disease

Question 2

How is coxsackie virus spread?

Answer 2

Fecal-oral

Question 3

What does D68 virus cause?

Answer 3

Respiratory Infection

Question 4

What is pleconaril used to treat?

Answer 4

D68

Question 5

Pleconaril MOA

Answer 5

It incorporates into virus particles, changes the shape of the particle, altered particle can not bind receptor and infect a new cell

Question 6

What is transmitted via raw oysters?

Answer 6

Hepatitis A

Question 7

What is the ROT of HepA?

Answer 7

Fecal-oral

Question 8

What is the best for diagnosis of acute HepA infection?

Answer 8

IgM levels

Question 9

What is unique about the HepA vaccine?

Answer 9

The vaccine is effective even after HepA exposure due to the latency of the virus

Question 10

What is the HepA vaccine made from?

Answer 10

Killed virus

Question 11

What does rotavirus cause?

Answer 11

Diarrhea often in young children

Question 12

Where is the infection of rotavirus found?

Answer 12

Infection primarily restricted to villus epithelium of the small intestine

Question 13

What is the pathogenesis of rotavirus diarrhea?

Answer 13

Rotavirus encodes a viral enterotoxin. The viral enterotoxin (NSP4) causes the diarrhea.

Question 14

RotaTeq Vaccine

Answer 14

Live-attenuated, pentavalent vaccine for rotavirus

Question 15

RotaRix Vaccine

Answer 15

Live-attenuated rotavirus vaccine based on the predominant G1 genogroup of rotaviruses

Question 16

Reassortment occurs in which of these viruses:

A) Polioviruses and enteroviruses
B) Rotavirus and influenza virus
C) Yellow fever virus and Dengue virus
D) Ebola virus and Marburg virus
E) SARS coronavirus and MERS coronavirus

Answer 16

B) Rotavirus and influenza virus

Question 17

• Resistant to environmental pressures:
drying, detergents, acids and temperature
• Transmitted by fecal-oral route
• Causes outbreaks of gastroenteritis
• Disease resolves after 48 hours - generally without serious consequences in healthy adults

Answer 17

Norovirus - cause of cruise ship diarrhea

Question 18

Are there any treatments for rotavirus or norovirus?

Answer 18

No

Question 19

Why is it important to determine if babies hospitalized for diarrhea are infected with rotavirus?

Answer 19

Children hospitalized with rotavirus infection should be isolated due to high incidence of nosocomial transmission.

Question 20

Major characteristics of the enterovirus group of viruses include all of the following EXCEPT:

A. Fecal-oral route of transmission.
B. Acid stable virion.
C. Proteolytic processing of the viral polyprotein to yield capsid and nonstructural proteins.
D. Primary viremia leading to spread of the virus to target tissues.
E. Majority of infections result in frank cases of disease.

Answer 20

E. Majority of infections result in frank cases of disease.