Hepatic Viruses

Question 1

What is the genetic material in HBV?

Answer 1

Partially dsDNA virus

Question 2

How does HBV replicate?

Answer 2

Replicates using reverse transcriptase

Question 3

What is unique about the genome of HBV?

Answer 3

It has multiple reading frames where one reading frame encodes RT and another frame encodes surface antigens

Question 4

What is the anti-viral therapy for HBV?

Answer 4

RT inhibitors that are used as mono therapy as resistance mutations lead to incapacitating mutations

Question 5

What antigen indicates HBV infectiousness?

Answer 5

HBeAg

Question 6

Is integration of HBV DNA required for infection?

Answer 6

No

Question 7

Does HBsAg contain DNA?

Answer 7

No

Question 8

What is the first Ab made against HBV?

Answer 8

Anti-HBc Ab

Question 9

What is the order of Ab made against HBV?

Answer 9

1. Anti-HBc
2. Anti-HBe
3. Anti-HBs

Question 10

What is the only Ab that will be present in chronic HBV infection?

Answer 10

Only anti-HBc Ab - no other Ab against HBV

Question 11

What is the HBsAg window period?

Answer 11

A period where HBs antigen and antibody are both negative and is the time before Ab are formed

Question 12

What will be the serology to an HBV vaccinated individual?

Answer 12

ONLY anti-HBs Ab are present

Question 13

What is the HBV vaccine made from?

Answer 13

HBsAg subunit vaccine

Question 14

What superinfection on HBV can increase likelihood of fulminant hepatitis?

Answer 14

Hepatitis D (Delta Agent)

Question 15

What is HDV genetic material?

Answer 15

It is a viroid with circular single strand RNA and requires HBV - it gets encapsulated in HBsAg coat

Question 16

What unique activity does HDV have?

Answer 16

Has ribozyme activity that cleaves and ligates RNA

Question 17

How can you be protected from HDV?

Answer 17

Vaccination with HBV

Question 18

What is the genetic material of HCV?

Answer 18

Positive strand RNA virus

Question 19

What drugs can be used to “cure” HCV?

Answer 19

Direct Acting Antivirals

Question 20

What is the most common result of HBV infection?

Answer 20

Resolution

Question 21

What is the most common result of HCV infection?

Answer 21

Persistent infection that can be asymptomatic or present with chronic hepatitis

Question 22

What are factors that will have slow rate of progression of HCV?

Answer 22

• Female

- Younger age at infection

Question 23

What is used for HCV diagnosis?

Answer 23

RT-PCR with sequencing

Question 24

What population does HEV have high mortality in?

Answer 24

Pregnant women