Clinical Approach to Hypertension Flashcards
What is the proper BP technique?
- Seated in a chair with feet on the floor
- Arm relaxed at heart level
- Done on skin
What are the classic symptoms of HTN?
None
Prehypertension
Systolic 120-139
Diastolic 80-89
Stage I HTN
140-159/90-99
Stage II HTN
≥160 systolic OR ≥100 diastolic
White Coat HTN
BP is higher in the office than at home
Malignant HTN
BP > 200/120 with papilledema
Essential HTN
Idiopathic HTN or caused by complicated factors such as stress/weight/etc
Secondary HTN
The cause of the HTN is known and can be attributed to renal failure or cardiovascular disease, etc.
Pseudohypertension
Arteries become rigid from atherosclerosis causing BP cuff to need to be at a higher pressure to compress the artery
Isolated Systolic HTN
Systolic BP tends to rise with age while diastolic will fall creating a widened pulse pressure
Resistant HTN
Failure to treat patients with full doses of anti-HTN drugs that includes a diuretic. Often indicates it is a secondary HTN.
Hypertensive Urgency
Severe BP elevation without acute end organ damage
Hypertensive Emergency
Severe BP elevation WITH acute end organ damage
What must be done in a hypertensive emergency?
Immediate lowering of BP but must be done gradually
