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► Med - Pathology > Female GU Pathology III: Ovary and Fallopian Tube > Flashcards

Female GU Pathology III: Ovary and Fallopian Tube Flashcards

1
Q

Follicular Cysts

A

Result from unruptured Graafian follicles or ruptured follicle that immediately seals.

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2
Q

Corpus luteum cysts

A

Result from delayed resolution of a corpus luteum’s central cavity - hemorrhage into a corpus luteum may result in hemorrhagic corpus luteum cyst

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3
Q

Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome

A

Excess secretion of androgens due to increased LH cause anovulation leading to ovarian cysts and enlarged ovaries

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4
Q

What is the action of LH?

A

LH stimulates theca cells to produce androgens

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5
Q

What is PCOS associated with?

A

Increased insulin resistance and T2 diabetes

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6
Q

Androgen is converted in adipose tissue to estrone resulting in what long‐term potential complication of PCOS?
A. Cervical squamous cell cancer
B. Uterine endometrioid endometrial cancer
C. Uterine serous papillary endometrial cancer
D. Leiomyosarcoma of uterus

A

B. Uterine endometrioid endometrial cancer

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7
Q

What are some symptoms of PCOS?

A
  • Hirsutism
  • Virilism
  • Acne
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8
Q

How does obesity cause estrogen excess?

A

Androgens are converted to estrone in the adipose tissue

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9
Q

What are seem therapies for PCOS?

A
  • Weight Loss

- Metformin

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10
Q

What is the most common ovarian tumor?

A

Surface Epithelial Tumors

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11
Q

What are the 2 types of surface epithelial tumors?

A
  • Serous

- Mucinous

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12
Q
  • Cyst with thin and smooth surface
  • Single layer of lining cells similar to that of fallopian tube mucosa
  • No cytologic atypic
  • No invasion
A

Benign Serous Cystadenoma

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13
Q
  • Papillary structures with destructive stromal invasion

- May have presence of psamomma bodies

A

Serous Cystadenocarcinoma

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14
Q

What is the most common type of surface epithelial tumor?

A

Serous

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15
Q
  • Multiple cystic mass filled by sticky, gelatinous fluid
  • Lining epithelium single row of uniform mucin-filled columnar cells with basal nuclei.
  • Absent or minimal cellular stratification, no or minimal cellular atypia
A

Mucinous Cystadenoma

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16
Q
  • Destructive stromal invasion, cytologic atypic and filled by sticky, gelatinous fluid
A

Mucinous Cystadenocarcinoma

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17
Q

What are some risk factors for cystadenocarcinomas?

A
  • Nulliparity

- Family Hx

18
Q

What tumor marker is used to monitor therapy response in cystadenocarcinomas?

A

CA‐125

19
Q

Borderline Tumors

A

• Morphology and behavior “in between” benign and malignant
• Limited invasive potential
• Better prognosis than overtly malignant
carcinomas

20
Q

Who are germ cell tumors often seen in?

A

Most common ovarian cancer in children and adolescent females

21
Q

Teratoma

A

Tumor of germ cell origin that is differentiated embryonic tissue and is comprised of more than one neoplastic cell type

22
Q
  • Comprise 90% of all teratomas

* Derive from all germ layers – Ectoderm, Endoderm, Mesoderm

A

Benign Mature Teratoma

23
Q

Struma Ovarii

A

A large amount of ovary is thyroid tissue

24
Q

Malignant Teratoma

A

VERY rare - only 1% of all teratomas and have some malignant component -> SCC/thyroid carcinoma/melanoma

25
Q
  • Uncommon tumor, composed of mature and immature (primitive cells) embryonal type tissues
  • Most commonly diagnosed in prepubertal girls, adolescents and young woman
  • Rapidly growing tumor with frequent capsular rupture
A

Immature Teratoma

26
Q
  • Ovarian counterpart of the testicular seminoma
  • Most common malignant germ cell tumor of ovary
  • LDH tumor marker
A

Dysgerminoma

27
Q

What germ cell tumor is radiosensitive?

A

Dysgerminoma

28
Q

With what germ cell tumor are Schiller‐Duvall Bodies seen?

A

Endodermal Sinus Tumor

29
Q

Histology

  • Large cells with clear cytoplasm
  • Stroma with lymphocytes
A

Dysgerminoma

30
Q
  • Neoplasm attempts to recapitulate placental tissue; trophoblasts and syncystiotrophoblasts without chorionic villi
  • hCG tumor marker
A

Choriocarcinoma

31
Q

What tumor has AFP as a marker?

A

Endodermal Sinus Tumor

32
Q

What class of ovarian tumors has these features:
• Originate from undifferentiated gonadal mesenchyme
• Any age
• Most benign, low malignant potential
• Hormonally active

A

Sex‐Cord Stromal Tumors

33
Q

Most common ovarian tumor with estrogen production.

A

Granulosa Cell Tumor

34
Q

This tumor is associated with androgen production and tends to be virilizing.

A

Leydig Cell Tumor

35
Q

‐ Fibroblasts (fibroma)
‐ Lipid‐laden theca cells (theca)
- May produce estrogen

A

Thecoma-Fibroma

36
Q

What tumor is associated with Meigs Syndrome?

A

Thecoma-Fibroma

37
Q

What are the features of Meigs Syndrome?

A

‐ Right sided pleural effusions
‐ Ascites
‐ Ovarian mass

38
Q

Call-Exner Bodies

A

Gland like structures filled with eosinophilic material seen in granulosa cell tumors

39
Q
  • Metastatic mucinous tumor to both ovaries

- Most commonly gastric carcinoma origin

A

Krukenberg Tumor

40
Q

A 60‐year‐old woman presented with diffuse abdominal pain and distension of the abdomen. Evaluation revealed disseminated gelatinous ascites and multifocal peritoneal epithelial implants, secreting copious globules of extracellular mucin. Which of the following should be at the top of the differential diagnosis with respect to underling cause of her condition?

A. Gastric carcinoid; ovarian serous cystadenoma
B. Appendiceal carcinoid; ovarian serous cystadenocarcinoma
C. Appendiceal mucinous cystadenoma; ovarian Brenner tumor
D. Appendiceal mucinous cystadenocarcinoma; ovarian mutinous cystadenocarcinoma
E. Gastric GIST; ovarian mucinous cystadenoma

A

D. Appendiceal mucinous cystadenocarcinoma; ovarian mutinous cystadenocarcinoma

41
Q

Pseudomyxoma peritonii

A

Extensive intraperitoneal mucous

42
Q

Acute Salpingitis

A

Ascending sexually transmitted; most common organisms: Gonococcus and Chlamydia

► Med - Pathology (203 decks)

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