Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Cell and tissue > GI IV > Flashcards

GI IV Flashcards

1
Q

What is the CT that surrounds the liver called? What is it made of?

A

Glisson’s capsule–collagen III

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What makes up the framework of the liver?

A

Reticular fibers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Is glisson’s capulse innervated by nerves?

A

Yes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is just superficial to Glisson’s capsule?

A

The visceral peritoneum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the shape of the classic hepatic lobule? What is in the center of these lobules? At the corners?

A

Hexagon
Center = central vein
Corners = hepatic veins and arteries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the three components of the portal triad?

A
  1. Branches of hepatic artery
  2. Portal vein
  3. Bile duct
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the spaces that are located between the CT and adjacent hepatocytes?

A

Periportal spaces (spaces of Mall)

A site of lymph origin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the epithelial lining of bile ducts?

A

Simple cuboidal epithelium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the blood suppler to hepatic lobules?

A

portal vein and hepatic artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Where are Kuppfer cells located in the liver?

A

Hepatic sinusoids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is histologically significant about the sinusoidal endothelium? Does it have a BL?

A

Fenestrated endothelium with absent or very discontinuous BL

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What space sits between the endothelium of the hepatic sinusoids, and the hepatic cells? What specialization is present here?

A

Perisinusodial space, filled with Microvilli

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the unique signature feature of hepatic stellate cells? Where are these cells found?

A

Lipid material (vit A)

These cells are found in the perisinusoidal space

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are the apexes of hepatic acini?

A

Central vein, to two triads

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

How are the zones of the hepatic acini arranged?

A

1, 2, 3, with 1 being close to triads, and 3 being close to the central vein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Which cells in hepatic acini are most susceptible to damage? Why?

A

Cells in zone 3, because of decreased oxygen supply and increased metabolic waste

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What are the three enzymes that are high in concentration in zone 3 of hepatic acini?

A

Glycolysis
FA synthesis
Detox

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What are the four chemicals/enzymes that are high in concentration in zone 1 of hepatic acini?

A
  1. Oxygen
  2. extrahepatic hormones
  3. Glucose liberating enzymes
  4. FA oxidation enz
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Which zone of the hepatic acini are in the perilobular region? Centrolobular?

A 
Perilobular = 1
Centrolobular = 3
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What happens to colloid osmotic pressure when there is damage to the liver?

A

Goes down d/t decrease albumin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What happens to blood clotting when there is severe damage to the liver?

A

Clotting time increased d/t lower fibrinogen/prothrombin synthesis

22
Q

What produces bile acids?

A

sER of hepatocytes

23
Q

What is the function of the liver in the heme degradation pathway?

A

Conjugate bili

24
Q

What is Dubin-johnson syndrome?

A

decreased secretion of conjugated bilirubin due to the absence of the mdr-2 canalicular transport protein

25
What is Gilbert syndrome?
Decreased conjugation of bili
26
What is Crigler-Najjar syndrome? What are the two types?
bilirubin conjugation is reduced (type II) or absent (type I)
27
What happens to the liver in alcoholic cirrhosis?
Increased deposition of collagen
28
What are the cells that are responsible for the CT deposition in alcoholic cirrhosis? What else do they do?
Stellate cells deposit collagen, divide, ad become contractile (causes ischemia)
29
What is the beginning portion of the bile duct system?
Bile cannuliculus
30
What limits bile canaliculi?
The plasma membrane of two hepatocytes
31
What is the canal of Hering?
The beginning of a bile duct
32
What are the two stem cell types found within a bile duct?
Ductular cells and periducular null cells
33
What are the canals of Hering lined by?
lined by simple cuboidal cholangiocytes and hepatocytes; stem cell niche
34
What type of epithelium are the bile ducts lined by?
Simple cuboidal to columnar
35
What type of epithelium are the hepatic ducts lined by?
Simple columnar epithelium
36
What type of junctions exist between hepatic cells in the bile duct?
Tight junctions
37
What are the three layers of the gallbladder?
1. mucosa 2. muscularis 3. CT layer
38
Is there a muscularis mucosa in the gallbladder?
no
39
What type of epithelium comprises the gallbladder?
Simple columnar epithelium
40
What are the sinuses that are located in the gallbladder called? What layer of the gallbladder can these extend through?
Rokitansky-Aschoff sinuses may extend through muscularis
41
What is cholesterolosis?
Benign accumulation of cholesterol in the gallbladder by macrophages
42
How is the muscularis of the gallbladder orientated?
random
43
What type of CT surrounds the gallbladder?
Dense collagenous CT
44
What type of membrane is found on the peritoneal surface of the gallbladder? Hepatic surface?
Serous membrane (serosa) on its peritoneal surface and adventitia on its hepatic surface
45
The gallbladder does not have a submucosa or serosa on its hepatic surface. What is the clinical significance of this?
facilitates invasion of GB cancer to the liver
46
What type of glands are in the pancreas?
Compound acinar
47
The base of pancreas cells rest on what?
A Basal Lamina
48
Is the base of pancreas cells acidophilic or basophilic? The apex?
``` Apex = acidophilic Base = basophilic ```
49
What type of epithelium lines the intercalated ducts of the pancreas?
Simple cuboidal
50
What do pancreatic duct cells secrete?
Water, HCO3
51
What are the two primary causes of pancreatitis?
EtOH use and gallstones

Cell and tissue (45 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions