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Cell and tissue > GI I:Oral Cavity > Flashcards

GI I:Oral Cavity Flashcards

1
Q

What is the masticatory mucosa?

A

The mucosa located on the gingivae, and the hard palate

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2
Q

What is the epithelial type that lines the masticatory mucosa?

A

Keratinized and parakeratinized stratified squamous epithelium

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3
Q

Where does the masticatory mucosa lack a submucosa?

A

on gingivae and palatine raphe

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4
Q

What is found on the anterior and posterior hard palate?

A 
Anterior = adipose CT
Posterior = mucous glands
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5
Q

What anchors the submucosa to the periosteum of the hard palate?

A

Collagen fibers

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6
Q

What is burton’s line?

A

blue-gray gingival margin due to lead poisoning

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7
Q

Where is the lining mucosa found?

A

Over most of the oral cavity

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8
Q

What type of epithelium comprises the lining epithelium?

A

Nonkeratinized stratified squamous

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9
Q

What are the three layers of the lining mucosa?

A
  1. Stratum basale
  2. Stratum spinosum
  3. Stratum superficiale
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10
Q

Where is the submucosa of the lining mucosa found?

A

Present except on inferior surface of tongue

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11
Q

Where is the specialized mucosa in the mouth?

A

Tongue, involved in taste

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12
Q

What are the four types of papillae?

A
  1. Filiform
  2. Fungiform
  3. Circumvallate
  4. Foliate
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13
Q

Which type of papillae are the most numerous, and found over the anterior 2/3rds of the tongue?

A

Filiform

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14
Q

What type of epithelium does the filiform papilae sit on?

A

keratinized stratified squamous epithelium

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15
Q

Which type of papili do not have taste buds?

A

Filiform

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16
Q

Where are fungiform papilae found?

A

tip of the tongue

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17
Q

Which papillae are mushroom shaped?

A

Fungiform

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18
Q

What is the epithelium that covers the ALL papillae?

A

Stratified squamous

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19
Q

What is the sulcus terminals?

A

Groove at the base of the tongue

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20
Q

What are the largest papillae? Where are they located?

A

Circumvallate-anterior to the sulcus terminalis

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21
Q

Where are the taste buds located on circumvallate papillae?

A

in the epithelial layer in the lateral margin

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22
Q

What are the serous glands that surround the moat region of circumvallate papilla? What is their function?

A

Lingual salivary glands (von Ebner’s glands).

Function = secrete serous fluid into moats

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23
Q

Where are foliate papilae found? What shape are they?

A

Leaf shaped, on the margins of the tongue

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24
Q

What type of glands empty into the clefts that surround the foliate papillae?

A

serous glands

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25
What are the three types of cells found in a taste bud?
1. Neuroepithelial (sensory) cells 2. Supporting cells 3. Basal cells
26
What specialization do the sensory cells of the taste buds have? What do these do?
Microvilli that project into the taste pore, and receive taste signals
27
What nerve(s) connect to the sensory cells of the taste buds?
CN 7, 9, and 10
28
What is the turnover rate of the sensory cells of the tastebuds?
10 days
29
What is the function of the supporting cells of the taste buds?
insulate sensory cells, and support them
30
What are the basal cells of the taste buds?
Stem cells found at the base of the taste bud
31
How do you distinguish the sensory cells of taste buds, from the surrounding supporting cells?
Larger, more euchromatic nuclei in the sensory cells
32
Do the supporting cells of the taste buds have microvilli?
Yes
33
What are the three regions that define the lip?
Skin, vermillion zone, mucosa
34
What type of epithelium is found over the mucosa of the lip?
wet stratified squamous, nonkeratinized epithelium with a lamina propria
35
Where in the lip does the epithelum have a submucosa? What does this contain?
On the interior surface deep to the mucosa and contains labial salivary gland
36
What is the vermillion zone? Does this have hair follicles or sweat glands?
Transition area where there is thin skin that allow the redness of blood to be visible. Lacks hair follicles and sweat glands
37
Is there anything histologically special about the skin of the anterior part of the lip (that is not red)?
Nope.
38
What is the muscle that is in the lip?
Obicularis oris
39
What are the three major salivary glands of the mouth?
Parotid Submandibular Sublingual
40
What are the secretions of the parotid gland? What type of duct system does it use?
Purely serous | Compound acinar
41
What does the submandibular gland secrete? What type of duct system does it use?
i. Compound tubulo-acinar gland ii. Mixed (serous and mucous) though serous predominant iii. Serous demilunes are present
42
What does the sulingual gland secrete? What type of duct system does it use?
i. Compound tubulo-acinar gland ii. Mixed though mucous predominant iii. Serous demilunes are present
43
What does saliva contain?
1. protein 2. enzymes 3. ions 4. mucins 5. IgA 6. Lactoferrin
44
What are the four enzymes present in saliva?
a. Amylase b. Lipase c. Lysozyme d. Lactoperoxidase
45
What is the acquired pellicle?
The coat of saliva around the enamel of teeth
46
What is the clinical crown?
Part of tooth exposed above the gum line
47
What are the three layers of the tooth?
i. Enamel (covers anatomic crown; absent at root) ii. Dentin (present in crown and root) iii. Cementum (covers root; absent at anatomic crown)
48
What is the different between the clinical and anatomic crown?
Clinical is only that which is exposed, anatomical is where there is a transition from enamel to dentin
49
What is the root of the tooth?
The part of the tooth covered by dentin, NOT enamel
50
Does the enamel have cells?
No
51
What percent of enamel is mineralized?
96-98% is calcium hydroxypatite
52
Enamel is derived from what type of tissue?
epithelial tissue
53
Is enamel replaced after it is formed?
No
54
What are the protein components of the enamel?
ENamelins and tuftelins
55
How is the calcium in the enamel arranged?
In rods that span the thickness of the enamel
56
What are the four stages of tooth development?
1. Bud stage 2. cap stage 3. bell stage 4. apposition dentin and enamel stage
57
What beings the bud stage of tooth development?
Invagination of oral epithelium into the mesenchyme
58
What sits at the base of the developing tooth bud? What is this area/what will it form?
Layer of mesenchymal cells that form the primordium of the dental papilla
59
What are the substances used in the bud stage of tooth development?
FGF-4 | BMPS 2, 4, and 7
60
What defines the cap stage of tooth development?
Inner enamel epithelium – cells will differentiate into ameloblasts
61
What happens to the dental papilla (layer below the mesenchymal cells) in the cap stage of tooth development?
These neural crest cells of neuroectoderm will differentiate into odontoblasts
62
What chemical induces the cap stage of tooth development?
Activin Beta A | BMP 4
63
What are the four layers of cells present in the bell stage of tooth development?
1. Outer enamel epithelium 2. Stratum intermedium 3. Stellate reticulum (ameloblasts) 4. Inner enamel epithelium (odontoblasts)
64
What is the stratum intermedium in the bell stage of tooth development?
layer of cells that elaborate and transport substances to the ameloblasts
65
What are ameloblasts derived from?
Oral epithelium
66
What are odontoblasts derived from?
neural crest cells
67
What is amelogenesis?
process by which enamel is formed
68
Where do ameolblasts elaborate enamel?
onto the dentin formed by odontoblasts
69
What is Tome's process?
the apical end of the ameloblasts in amelogenesis
70
What is at the base of the ameloblasts?
Stratum intermedium
71
What cell types carries out matrix maturation of the enamel? What happens at this stage?
Maturation stage ameloblasts with ruffled borders which now take up organic components of pre enamel to form mature enamel.
72
When do ameloblats degenerate?
Around the time of tooth eruption
73
What is cementum?
Bone-like mineralized tissue that surrounds that dentin root of teeth
74
Is cementum vascular?
No
75
What is the function of cementoblasts? Where are they derived from?
secrete cemuntum | Derived from mesenchymal cells
76
Where are cementocytes found/
IN lacuna around the periodontal ligament
77
What suspends that matrix of the cementum of the bone socket?
College I (Sharpey's fibers)
78
What is the mineralized tissue that lies deep to enamel and cementum?
Dentin
79
What are the two proteins that dentin has that are necessary for mineralization?
dentin phosphoprotein and dentin sialoprotein.
80
What cell type secretes dentin?
Odontoblasts
81
What are odontoblasts derived from?
Neural crest cells
82
What are the dentinal tubules? What are the clinical significance of these when exposed?
Elongated processes of the odontoblasts embedded in dentin Cause tooth sensitivity when exposed
83
Are dentin and enamel secreted throughout life?
Dentin is. Not enamel
84
What are the three types of dentin?
Peritubular dentin Intertubular dentin Dentinal tubule
85
What happens to the pulp cavity as we age?
Gets smaller
86
What does the pulp cavity contain?
loose CT and vessel/nerves

Cell and tissue (45 decks)

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