FSG 5

Question 1

Vestibular: where are receptors located?

Answer 1

hair cells in inner ear

• SCC
• otolithic organs (utricles, saccules)
• ampulla

Question 2

Why is vestibular info so important?

Answer 2

• postural control

- control of eye movements

Question 3

Info gets to the central vestibular system via

Answer 3

hair cells innervated by CN 8 » vestibular apparatus » vestibular nuclei

Question 4

SCC signaling to flocculonodular lobe: result

Answer 4

coordination

Question 5

SCC signaling to superior and medial vestibular nuclei

Answer 5

eye movements

VOR = gaze stabilization

Question 6

function of the lateral vestibulospinal tract

Answer 6

postural adjustments in limbs and trunk

Question 7

lateral VST origin

Answer 7

macula

Question 8

lateral VST end

Answer 8

postural muscles in limbs and trunk

Question 9

medial VST origin

Answer 9

macula

Question 10

medial VST end

Answer 10

cervical SC

Question 11

medial VST function

Answer 11

postural adjustments in cervical SC

Question 12

SCC talks mostly to this nucleus

Answer 12

medial vestibular nucleus

Question 13

SCC respond to

Answer 13

rotational acceleration/deceleration

Question 14

posterior SCC detects

Answer 14

lateral flexion

Question 15

lateral (horizontal) canal detects

Answer 15

“no” motion

Question 16

anterior (superior) canal detects

Answer 16

“yes” motion

Question 17

How are postural adjustments achieved?

Answer 17

reciprocal connections between vestibular nuclei and

• SC
• RF
• superior colliculus
• CN 11 nucleus
• vestibular CC
• cerebellum

Question 18

Where are the vestibular nuclei located?

Answer 18

in the pontomedullary junction

Question 19

axons from the (nasal/temporal) retina project ipsilaterally to lateral geniculate body

Answer 19

temporal

Question 20

axons from the (nasal/temporal) retina cross the chiasm to the contralateral lateral geniculate body

Answer 20

nasal

Question 21

retina » pretectal area =

Answer 21

pupillary reflexes

Question 22

retina » tectum =

Answer 22

• orientation

- visually guided eye movements

Question 23

retina » LG » VC =

Answer 23

visual guidance and object identification

Question 24

two major types of eye movements

Answer 24

• conjugate

- vergence

Question 25

conjugate eye movements

Answer 25

both moving in the same direction

Question 26

vergent eye movements

Answer 26

eyes toward midline or away from midline

Question 27

VOR: which canal pairs does it use?

Answer 27

can occur in canal pairs of any plane