3.7 PNS stuff Flashcards

1
Q

myopathy

A

pathology in muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

neuropathy

A

nerve is damaged

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

fascicular plexus

A

conjunction of fascicles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

issues associated with myopathy

A
  • muscle fiber degeneration

- motor unit problems: fiber isn’t getting input

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What can be used to determine if it’s a myopathy or neuropathy?

A

EMG/NCV

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What does EMG measure? What are the electrodes?

A

nerve activity

  • stimulating electrode
  • recording electrode
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

How is an EMG interpreted?

A

compare to established norms for nerve conduction speed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

EMG below norm

A

neuropathy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

EMG above norm

A

myopathy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

purposes of botox injections

A
  • cosmetic reasons
  • migraines
  • spasticity
  • excessive sweating
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

How can botox help with migraines?

A

can be used to relax trigger points that may cause migraines

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What do the issues addressed by botox have in common?

A
  • NMJ with motor end plates

- EVERY muscle fiber has a motor end plate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

How does botox work?

A

inhibits ACH release at NMJ

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

botulism toxin: bacteria

A
  • anaerobic bacteria

- avoid bent cans that are puffy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What can happen with botulism infection?

A

systemic paralysis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

mini endplate potential

A
  • something that happens at the NMJ that helps support muscle health
  • contributes to muscle tone
17
Q

What happens at each spike on a mini endplate potential?

A

one packet of ACH is released

18
Q

axonal regeneration speed

A

1-2 mm per day

19
Q

axonal regeneration (CNS/PNS)

A

happens in the PNS, not the CNS

20
Q

severance neuropathy

A

axon is severed

21
Q

severance neuropathy: proximal stump

A
  • axonal sprouts grow out toward the distal stump

- intact cell body

22
Q

What must be the case for regeneration to occur?

A

the cell body MUST be intact

23
Q

What happens when there’s a nerve injury?

A

get immune cell recruitment to clear debris left over

24
Q

What special chemicals do Schwann cells secrete?

A
  • chaemotactic factors

- neurotrophic factors

25
chaemotactic factors
promotes growth and helps axon guidance to the correct distal stump
26
neurotrophic factors
growth factors in neurons
27
Why is the CNS not permissive to regeneration?
- no growth factors secreted by glia | - chemotactic factors help with NEW neuronal growth, not regeneration
28
injury to CNS
- glial cells push end feet into the injury and creates a scar (glial scar) - axons cannot grow through a glial scar