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7303 Neuroanatomy > CH14: Cranial nerves 3 > Flashcards

CH14: Cranial nerves 3 Flashcards

1
Q

sensory fibers of CN IX (glossopharyngeal)

A
  • soft palate
  • pharynx
  • taste receptors in posterior tongue
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2
Q

glossopharyngeal nerve autonomic innervation?

A

Autonomic afferents from the carotid sinus signal blood pressure spikes in the carotid artery.

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3
Q

motor fibers of CN IX innervate:

A
  • pharyngeal muscle

- parotid salivary gland

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4
Q

reflexes mediated by glossopharyngeal nerve

A
  • gag

- swallowing

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5
Q

What is the gag reflex?

A

Pharyngeal muscles contracts when pharynx is touched

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6
Q

What is the swallowing reflex?

A

Soft palate moves and pharyngeal muscles contracts when food touches entrance of pharynx

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7
Q

Far-reaching connections allow the vagus nerve to:

A
  • decrease HR
  • constrict bronchi
  • affect speech production
  • increase digestive activity
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8
Q

How can motor function of the vagus nerve be tested?

A

eliciting the gag reflex

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9
Q

gag reflex

  • afferent
  • efferent
A
  • glossopharyngeal

- vagus

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10
Q

swallowing reflex

  • afferent
  • efferent
A
  • glossopharyngeal

- vagus

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11
Q

The vagus nerve provides afferent and efferent innervation to

A
  • larynx
  • pharynx
  • viscera
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12
Q

The vagus nerve produces (sympathetic/parasympathetic) activity

A

parasympathetic

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13
Q

Where are parasympathetic fibers of the vagus nerve distributed?

A
  • larynx
  • pharynx
  • trachea
  • lungs
  • heart
  • GI tract (minus large intestine)
  • pancreas
  • gallbladder
  • liver
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14
Q

vagus nerve: location of afferent cell bodies

A

inferior nucleus of the vagus (outside the brainstem)

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15
Q

vagus nerve: location of efferent cell bodies

A
  • nucleus ambiguous
  • dorsal motor nucleus of vagus

(both in the medulla)

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16
Q

CN XI provides motor to

A
  • trapezius

- SCM

17
Q

path of CN XI

A
  • originates in spinal accessory nucleus in upper cervical cord
  • travels through foramen magnum
  • leaves skull
18
Q

CN XI leaves the skull through the

A

jugular foramen

19
Q

cell bodies of CN XI are located here

A

ventral horn (C1-4)

20
Q

CN XII provides motor to

A

intrinsic and extrinsic muscles of the ipsilateral tongue

21
Q

CN XII cell body locations

A

hypoglossal nucleus of medulla

22
Q

What is activity of CN XII controlled by?

A

voluntary and reflexive neural circuits

23
Q

3 stages of swallowing

A
  • oral
  • pharyngeal/laryngeal
  • esophageal
24
Q

CNs involved in oral stage of swallowing

A 
5
7
9
10
12
25
Q

CNs involved in pharyngeal/laryngeal stage of swallowing

A

9

10

26
Q

CNs involved in esophageal stage of swallowing

A

10

27
Q

CNs involved in speaking

A

5
7
10
12

28
Q

Sounds are generated by the

A

larynx

29
Q

At the CN level, sounds generated by the larynx (CN _) are articulated by these

A

X

  • soft palate (X)
  • lips (VII)
  • jaws (V)
  • tongue (XII)
30
Q

Which CNs contain LMN fibers?

A

3-7

9-12

31
Q

How is activity of motor fibers in CNs controlled?

A
  • through descending inputs from voluntary and limbic structures of the brainstem and cerebrum
  • also via local reflex mechanisms
32
Q

CN efferents receive descending regulation from

A
  • corticofugal tracts

- limbic system

33
Q

Descending limbic pathways and corticobulbar tract relationship (together/separate)

A

separate

34
Q

descending control of eye movements

A
  • voluntary

- automatic

35
Q

descending control of speaking

A

mostly voluntary, but can occur automatically in highly emotional contexts

36
Q

What may be preserved in instances in which brain damage interferes with voluntary speech?

A

ability of the limbic system to produce emotionally charged (i.e. profanity)

37
Q

How do extreme emotions interfere with the ability to eat and speak?

A

activating limbic pathways that influence motor activity

7303 Neuroanatomy (69 decks)

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