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7303 Neuroanatomy > 01_Coloring Packet > Flashcards

01_Coloring Packet Flashcards

1
Q
  • one axon that divides into two long processes

- usually sensory neurons

A

unipolar

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2
Q
  • one axon and two or more dendrites

- most common

A

multipolar

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3
Q
  • one axon and one dendrite
  • rare
  • round in retina and olfactory epithelium
A

bipolar

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4
Q

3 functional types of neurons

A
  • motor
  • sensory
  • interneurons
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5
Q

Which neurons comprise more than 99% of all neurons in the body?

A

interneurons

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6
Q

What do interneurons do?

A

convey impulses between sensory and motor neurons

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7
Q

What increases the receptive area of the neurons?

A

dendritic spines

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8
Q

In the CNS, axons are myelinated by

A

oligodendrocytes

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9
Q

In the PNS, axons are myelinated by

A

Schwann cells

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10
Q

What is a dermatome?

A

region of skin innervated by somatic sensory nerve fibers associated with

  • single spinal level
  • single dorsal root
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11
Q

At the top of the head, the dermatome level begins at

A

C2

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12
Q

dermatome sensation

A

pressure

pain

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13
Q

How many pairs of spinal nerves does the spinal cord give rise to?

A

31

give rise to 2 major branches/rami

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14
Q

dorsal ramus

A

conveys motor and sensory information to and from

  • skin
  • intrinsic back skeletal muscles (erector spinae, transversospinales
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15
Q

ventral ramus

A

runs laterally and ventrally and innervates

- all remaining skin and skeletal muscles of the neck, limbs, trunk

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16
Q

somatic nervous system

A

sensory and motor fibers to

  • skin
  • skeletal muscle
  • joints
17
Q

autonomic nervous system

A

sensory and motor fibers to

  • all smooth muscle
  • cardiac muscle
  • glands
18
Q

enteric nervous system

A
  • plexuses and ganglia of GI tract that regulate bowel secretion, absorption and motility
  • linked to ANS
19
Q

somatic nervous system: number of motor neurons

A

1

20
Q

somatic nervous system: efferent

A
  • efferent neuron in CNS

- axon projects to peripheral target

21
Q

somatic nervous system: afferent

A
  • neuron (pseudounipolar) in DRG

- conveys sensory info from skin, muscle, or joint

22
Q

ANS: number of motor neurons

A

2

23
Q

Where are the 2 neurons of the ANS?

A
  • first neuron in CNS

- second neuron in peripheral autonomic ganglion

24
Q

ANS: axon in the first neuron (in CNS)

A

preganglionic neuron

25
Q

ANS: axin in second neuron (in peripheral autonomic ganglion)

A

postganglionic neuron

26
Q

sensory neuron type of ANS

A

pseudounipolar

27
Q

Where is the sensory neuron of the ANS?

A

DRG

28
Q

What info does the sensory neuron of the ANS carry?

A

sensory info from the viscera to CNS

29
Q

ventricle situated above the pons and rostral portion of medulla

A

4th ventricle

30
Q

ventricle situated in midline diencephalon between thalamic nuclei

A

3rd ventricle

31
Q

Where is CSF produced?

A

choroid plexus (capillary network)

  • in floor of lateral ventricles
  • in roof of 3rd and 4th ventricles
32
Q

Direction of flow of CSF within the ventricles

A
  1. choroid plexus of lateral ventricles
  2. third ventricle via interventricular foramen
  3. fourth ventricle vis cerebral aqueduct
  4. spinal canal
33
Q

secretion and absorption of CSF

A

secretion normally is matched by absorption by arachnoid granulations and small pial veins

34
Q

3 types of hydrocephalus

A
  • obstructive
  • communicating
  • normal pressure
35
Q

obstructive hydrocephalus

A

congenital stenosis of either

  • cerebral aqueduct
  • interventricular foramina
  • lateral and median apertures

may also be caused by obstructive CNS tumors that block flow

36
Q

communicating hydrocephalus

A
  • obstruction outside ventricular system

- maybe due to hemorrhage in subarachnoid space or around arachnoid granulations

37
Q

normal pressure hydrocephalus

A
  • adult syndrome

- results in progressive dementia, gait disorders, urinary incontinence

7303 Neuroanatomy (69 decks)

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