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7303 Neuroanatomy > 3.19 Spinal Region 4 > Flashcards

3.19 Spinal Region 4 Flashcards

1
Q

disorders in addition to traumatic SCI that interfere with spinal region function

A
  • meningomyelocele
  • spastic CP
  • dorsal and ventral nerve root lesions
  • MS
  • lesions that cause compression on SC
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2
Q

meningomyelocele

A
  • developmental defect arising from failure of inferior neuropore to close
  • outcomes equivalent to SCI later in life
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3
Q

When does spastic CP develop?

A
  • in utero

- during infancy

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4
Q

characteristics of spastic CP

A
  • excessive muscle contraction

- phasic stretch hyperreflexia

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5
Q

radiculopathy

A
  • lesion of nerve root

- damage to spinal nerve

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6
Q

How are radiculopathies formed?

A
  • mechanical irritation
  • infection

produces pain in innervated dermatome and muscles innervated by the segment

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7
Q

Erb’s palsy

A
  • paralysis that results from separation of the head and shoulder
  • common causes include birth trauma and motorcycle accidents
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8
Q

Klumpke’s palsy

A
  • avulsion of motor roots of C8 and T1

- caused by traction on abducted arm

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9
Q

result of Klumpke’s palsy (complete severance)

A
  • muscles in myotome deprived of motor innervation

- get atrophy and fibrillation

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10
Q

MS characterized by

A

random, multifocal demyelination of CNS

variable s/s

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11
Q

sensory complaints with MS

A
  • numbness
  • paresthesia
  • Lhermitte’s sign
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12
Q

LE effects from MS

A
  • asymmetrical weakness

- ataxia

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13
Q

TM

A
  • immune disorder that damages part of the SC
  • inflammation produces spinal segment losses and blocks ascending/descending signals

looks like a SCI

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14
Q

pressure in spinal region causes

A
  • pain (usu constant)
  • sensory changes
  • weakness
  • paralysis
  • hypertonia
  • ataxia
  • impaired bowel/bladder function
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15
Q

onset of s/s from spinal region compression

A
  • gradual
  • progressive
  • no hx of trauma
  • segmental/vertical tract signs
  • cervical spondylosis
  • syringomyelia
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16
Q

spinal region tumors: outside the dura may cause compression on

A
  • SC
  • nerve roots
  • spinal nerve
  • blood supply
17
Q

spinal region tumors: most common initial symptom

A

pain, aggravated by coughing or sneezing

18
Q

Where can spinal region tumors occur?

A

inside and outside the SC

19
Q

myelopathy

A

disorder of SC

20
Q

cervical spondylosis

A
  • degeneration of cervical vertebrae and discs

- produces narrowing of vertebral canal and intervertebral foramina

21
Q

narrowing causes

A
  • increased stretch and shear forces on cord and nerve roots

- damages glia and neurons

22
Q

(Gray/White) matter is particularly susceptible to stretch injury

A

gray

23
Q

vertebral canal stenosis

A
  • narrowing of the vertebral canal
  • compresses neural and vascular structures
  • usually degenerative disorder
24
Q

vertebral canal stenosis: degenerative disorder brought on by

A
  • bone growth
  • facet hypertrophy
  • bulging discs
  • hypertrophy of ligamentum flavum
25
Q

syringomyelia

A

rare, progressive disorder

  • segmental signs in UE
  • sensory loss often distributed similarly to a cape draped over the shoulders
26
Q

segmental signs with syringomyelia

A
  • loss of pain and temperature sensitivity due to interruption of axons crossing midline in anterior white commissure
  • paresis
  • atrophy
27
Q

s/s that are indicative of a SC lesion (red flags)

A
  • bilateral alteration or loss of somatosensation
  • incoordination
  • UMN signs
28
Q

What are the UMN signs?

A
  • decreased muscle power
  • spasticity
  • muscle hypertonia
  • Babinski’s sign
  • clonus
29
Q

s/s that indicate a possible cauda equina lesion (red flags)

A
  • difficulty with urination and/or defacation
  • saddle paresthesia
  • LBP
  • unilateral or bilateral sciatica
  • LE paresis and sensory deficits
  • decreased or lost LE reflexes
30
Q

s/s that indicate intermittent claudication (red flags)

A
  • cramping in calf or foot while walking or exercising that disappears after a brief rest
  • decreased pulse in LE
  • cyanosis

7303 Neuroanatomy (69 decks)

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