4. 25 Cerebrum 4 Flashcards
cerebral cortex: layers overview
multiple layers, each with a different cellular structure
3 cell types of the cerebral cortex
- pyramidal and fusiform cells
- stellate cells
Which cells of the CC are the outputs?
pyramidal and fusiform cells
Which cells of the CC are the interneurons?
stellate cells
“map” of the cortical regions
Brodmann’s areas
What do Brodmann’s areas designate?
general related functions of cortical areas
- associated with each other but don’t work alone
Everything in the brain is accomplished by
neural networks
What are the 5 major areas of the CC?
- primary sensory
- secondary sensory
- motor planning
- primary motor
- association areas
Flow of information
primary sensory »
secondary sensory »
motor planning »
primary motor
primary sensory area
receives sensory info
secondary sensory area
analyzes info from primary sensory and categorizes it
motor planning area
organization/planning of movements (aka premotor area)
primary motor
- descending pathways that start with the cortex
Where do both primary sensory and motor planning neurons project?
primary motor cortex
association areas impact
- behavior
- sensation (more emotional)
- emotion processing/generation
- memory retrieval
frontal lobe
3 important association areas
- dorsolateral prefrontal cortex
- parietotemporal junction
- ventral/medial dorsal prefrontal cortex
dorsolateral prefrontal cortex
important for goal oriented behaviors
parietotemporal junction
- where cognitive intelligence comes from (jxn between all lobes except frontal lobe
- problem solving, comprehension
ventral/medial dorsal prefrontal cortex
- impulse control
- rxn to surroundings and to others
- where you get stereotypes (making assumptions)
Important sites for memory
hippocampus
amygdala
3 types of memories
- working
- declarative
- procedural
working memory
- short term association that gets you through a specific goal
- not really retained, think about directions to target
declarative memory has 3 phases. What are they?
- encoding
- consolidation
- retrieval
declarative memory: encoding
- process information to become memory
- requires attn and engagement
declarative memory: consolidation
- memory stabilization
- what happens when you sleep
- a little more longer term (hippocampus » amygdala » frontal lobe)
- takes more than one night
declarative memory: retrieval
retrieve old memories from dorsolateral frontal lobe
procedural memories
- recall of skills and habits
- 3 phases
3 phases of procedural memories
- cognitive
- associative
- autonomous
