Carbohydrates Flashcards
Difference between Starch, Cellulose, & Glycogen is how their bonds are between the _____________
Glucose molecule
Hydrolysis
The process of breaking something with water ( Awater molecule is inserted into th ebond between two monomers which causes the bond to break & monomers are free)
Seconf feature Monosaccadries have in common?
Hydroxyl groups (-OH) attactched to every carbon but one
The hydroxyl group make the sugar polar which makes it dissolves easily
Polysaccharides are also different based on how their ___________are strung together
Monosaccharides (Ex. Fiber & cellulose cant be broken down in human body & passed thru as waste but Glycogen can be easily broken down)
Startch & Celluose are made by plants & are _____ of glucose
Polymers
Monomer
Building block a polymer is made of
Carbohydrates are important for __________
Extracelluar Molecules (Polysaccharides are major compnents of the sticky matrix that surrounds the cell)
Help bacteria staick to the surface & help anaimals cells attach to each other
Carbohdyrates are known for what?
Providing energy to the body
In watery environment of the cells, monosaccahardies covert to what shae?
Rings- Shapped
Carbohydrates are important for ________ for cells
Energy Source, monosaccharides glucose is used energy source for amlost cells
Polymer are made by stringing together ______ to form a long chain where each monomer is added, ______ & ______ are removed from the monomer & the chain
Monomer, two hydrogen & an oxygen
Glucose molecule in Cellulose are joined by what bond?
ß-1,4-glycosidic linkage
Hydrogen & oxygen form what during the process of adding a monomer
Form Water
To make polysaccharides, _____ are joined together by _______
Monosaccharides, Condensation
Polymer can be broken back down into individual monomers by what?
Hydrolysis
Polysaccaharides
Are polymers of monosaccharides
Non-polar molecules are called what?
Are called Hydrophobic molecules (Fear water)
Glycogen are made by animal cells & are _______ of glucose
polymers
Monosaccaharides
(Simple Sugars) are single sugars where its usual formula is: CH2O (Ex. Glucose & Fructose)
Third common feature monosaccahadries have are what?
One doubles bonded oxygen attached to a carbon backbone (Carbonyl Group- Double bonded oxygen attached to a carbon)
If the Carbonyl group is attached at the end then its called- aldose & if attached in the middle its called- ketose)