Analyzing the structure & function of genes Flashcards
DNA Cloning
Cloning a certain gene
_____________ cut DNA molecules at specific sites
Restriction enzymes
Restriction Enzymes(restriction nucleases)
Cut the DNA strand at a specific nucleotide sequence & prevent the transfer of DNA between strains of bacteria
____________ seperates DNA fragments that are left after the restriction enzymes cut the DNA strand (can be separted by size)
Gel electrophoresis
Once the ________ has been cut the fragments are loaded onto the gel on the negative charges side & when a voltage is applied to the gel the negative charged DNA strand moves towards the positive end of the gel & eventually the DNA fragments are spread out through the gel in groups based on sized (looks like a ladder)
DNA Strand
To ________ the certain fragments of DNA its removed from the gel by a scapel
Isolate
__________ begins with the production of recombinant DNA
DNA cloning
Recombinant DNA
Is a DNA molecule that contains a combination of nucleotide sequences from other individual DNA molecules (The restriction enzymes cut the two individuals DNA molecules at a certain nucleotide sequences and the DNA ligase join the two different DNA molecules to together to form the recombinant DNA molecules)
_____________ is the result of the two different DNA fragment joining together by DNA ligase gluing the fragments together
Recombinant DNA
Plasmid
Carry the DNA fragments that are supposed to be cloned (They are circular double-stranded DNA cloning vectors)
The _________ contains its own replication origin which allows it to replicate in bacterial cells where the certain recombinant fragments will be produced in large amounts
Plasmid
The ________ can also be cut open to allow the insertion of other DNA fragments (They are cut open by a restriction enzyme at a single site)
Plasmid
A fragment of the ___________ is attached / linked to the plasmids to be copied (Attached by the DNA ligase)
Recombinant DNA
A recombinant DNA can be copied inside a __________
Bacteria Cell
An entire genome can be represented in a ___________
DNA Library
DNA Library
Collection of cloned DNA fragment in bacteria