89. Infectious skin diseases in swine Flashcards
Viral diseases which are notifiable?
Viral diseases
• Chance of notifiable diseases
o Foot and mouth
o Vesicular stomatitis
o Swine vesicular disease (SVD)
o CSF
o ASF
• If vesicles or blotches are present on the skin, always think of these diseases
What are the viral infectious diseases in swine?
Swine pox
Porcine dermatitis nephropathy syndrome (PDNS)
Swine Pox info?
Swine pox
o Suipox- only pigs are susceptible
o Frequent worldwide
o Mostly in growers (3-4 months), but can be present in all age groups
§ Vertical spread
§ Congenital pox in new-borns
o Poor hygiene, lice, other blood-sucking insects
Swine Pox Clinical signs?
Clinical signs
o Systemic signa re rare
o Skin lesions: first on the abdomen and the inner thighs, then on the whole-body small macules (1-
3mm) appear (not visible), then papules (visible), vesicles, pustules, crusts (spread by exfoliation of
crusts)
o The same process can happen on the mucosa of the alimentary and respiratory tract
§ Especially in the congenital form
o Secondary infection
Histopathology and Differential diagnosis of swine pox?
Histopathology
o Eosinophilic cytoplasmic inclusion bodies
§ Distinct feature
Differential diagnosis
o Secondary infection can mask the original lesions
o Pathogenesis and spread are telling
o Other possible diseases
§ Chronic bacterial dermatitis
§ Fungal dermatitis
§ Mange
§ Allergies
Porcine dermatitis nephropathy syndrome info?
Porcine dermatitis nephropathy syndrome (PDNS)
o PCV-2, immune-complex dermatitis/ vasculitis
o Disease of fattening pigs (12-14 weeks), can occur in other age groups
o Pathogenesis is mostly unclear
Clinical signs of Porcine dermatitis nephropathy syndrome?
Clinical signs
o Skin: purple, haemorrhagic blotches mostly around the perineum, head, and legs, later they crust
over, necrotise, and fall off, leaving scar tissue behind
§ CSF, ASF!!!
o Depression, fever, anorexia
o Enlarged lymph nodes
o Sometimes dyspnoea
o Diarrhoea
o Sometimes oedema of the legs and eyelids
Lesions of Porcine dermatitis nephropathy syndrome?
Lesions
o Skin lesions
o Enlarged, haemorrhagic lymph nodes
o Increased peritoneal fluid
o Kidneys are enlarged, pale, with small haemorrhages
o Gastric ulcers, bleeding in the small and large intestine
o Histopathology: vasculitis
Differential diagnosis and treatment of Porcine Dermatitis nephropathy syndrome?
Differential diagnosis
o CSF, ASF!!!
o Stachybotryotoxicosis, chemical burns
Treatment
o Animals with extensive skin lesions usually die
o Palliative therapy, dry, warm bedding, fluid therapy
Bacterial diseases of infectious skin diseases in swine?
exudative epidermatitis
Ear necrosis
Exudative dermatitis causes?
Exudative epidermatitis (greasy pig disease)
o Staphylococcus hyicus- exfoliative toxin
o Nursing or weaned piglets (1-5weeks)
Exudative dermatitis predisposing factors?
Predisposing factors
o Immunosuppression
§ PRRS, PCV, mycotoxins
o Injuries
§ Fights
o Cold environment
Clinical signs of exudative dermatitis?
Clinical signs
o Brown, squamous spots on the skin (face or legs), these darken, spread, progresses into greasy,
exudative dermatitis that spreads onto the back and abdomen
o Hair is matted and stuck together
§ NO PRURITUS, NO FEVER
o Young piglets
§ Anorexia, weakness, death
o Chronic form
§ 1-2cm diameter lesions on older animals (gilts and sows)
DD, treatment and prevention of exudative dermatitis?
Differential diagnosis
o Mange
§ Scratching!!!
Treatment
o Choose AB carefully (resistance)
§ Penicillin’s, cephalosporins, potentiated sulphonamides, fluoroquinolones, Tylosin
• Only in case of early diagnosis
o Wash with disinfectant
§ Iodine
Prevention
o Teeth clipping
o Hygiene
o Removing sharp objects from the farrowing crate
Ear Necrosis Etiology?
Ear necrosis
Etiology
o Unknown, secondary S. Hyicus and B-haemolysing strep infection after injury, spirochetes, lysin
deficiency, PCV-2?
o Weaned piglets and fattening pigs on farms with poor hygiene
