76: Hypovitaminosis in swine- RARE (intensive farming and nutrition) Flashcards
What are the main causes of hypovitaminosis in swine?
Vit (DEAK) (All fat soluble vitamins) and Hypoglycaemia in piglets
Describe A- hypovitaminosis?
A-hypovitaminosis: Metabolic disease
- β-carotene deficiency
- reproductive disorders
- problems in cycling activity
- Vitamin A deficiency during pregnancy is teratogenic
- immunosuppression
- ascariasis– anthelminthics!
- dermatitis
Describe E- Hypovitaminosis?
E-hypovitaminosis
• + selenium deficiency (soil low on selenium)
• feed composition: high concentration of polyunsaturated fatty acids, copper, vitamin A or mycotoxins damage
vitamin E molecule or decrease bioavailability
• mulberry heart disease – MHD:
• piglets from a few weeks to 4 months old suddenly die
• necropsy: alternating areas of necrosis and haemorrhage throughout the myocardium, fluid and fibrin in
the pericardium, fluid in thorax
• hepatosis dietetica
• less common
• sudden death
• alternating areas of necrosis and haemorrhage on the liver, some lobes can be swollen, gall
bladder oedema
• white muscle disease – very rare in pigs
Describe D- HYPOVITAMINOSIS?
D- Hypovitaminosis
Osteoporosis, rickets (see locomotor disorders topics)
Describe K hypovitaminosis?
K-hypovitaminosis
- coagulopathy
- bleeding
- pale skin, hematomas throughout the body in severe cases
- diff. diag.: rodenticides
Describe Hypoglycaemia in pigets causes, clinical signs and treatment?
Hypoglycaemia in nursing piglets (2-4 days):
• piglet is born with minimal liver glycogen (+ no brown fat tissue)
• Low bodyweight + relatively large body surface area – heat loss
• Energy reserves deplete quickly
Causes:
• low maternal milk production or inability to suckle
Clinical signs:
• ataxia, recumbency, anorexia, low body temperature, seizures, opisthotonos, coma
Treatment:
• avoid chilling (infra light)
• glucose solution per os/artificial feeding
• 10-15 ml 10% glucose intraperitoneal inj.
