31. Anatomy and examination techniques of the genital tract of the cow Flashcards
History?
History
- Behaviour of the animal
- Are vesicles, foetal parts visible
- When was the mating?
- First delivery?
- When did straining begin?
- Pervious examination
General examination?
General Examination:
• Clinical Basic Values
o Body temperature, heart rate, respiratory rate, rumination frequency, intensity, etc.
§ Body temperature decreased
• cow: milk fever
§ Body temperature increased
- liver coma, emphysematous foetus
- General Clinical Impression:
o Well-kept being (can the treatment be performed under the necessary hygienic conditions?)
o Size and tension of the abdomen
o Nature of vaginal discharge
o Is the animal able to outstand the planned examination?
§ Risk of shock (swine, small ruminants, horse)
§ Maintaining standing position (horse, cattle)
§ Does the animal resist?
Detailed examination(External examination)?
Detailed Examination:
External examination
• Observation
o Signs of starting delivery?
o Loosening of the tail
o Vulva-oedema
o Typical discharge from the vagina (cervical mucous discharge, amniotic/allantoic fluid)
o Abdominal wall: sagging
o Fossa hypogastrica: subsidence
o Udder: oedema; colostrum secretion.
o Labour pains (inertia is when there are no labour pains)
o Foetal membranes, foetal parts in the vulva:
o Intact, ruptured, oedematic?
o Which foetal parts can be observed?
o Prolapse of the vagina, uterus, urinary bladder, abdominal organs
Detailed examination(Internl examination)?
Internal Examination
- Birth canal (soft tissues and the bony part)
- Labour pains - inertia
- Foetal membranes
- Amniotic
- Allantoic fluid
- Foetus
Detailed examination Rectal and vaginal examination?
Rectal palpation (horse, cattle, small ruminants, swine)
o Position of the foetus during pregnancy (left or right uterine horn)
o Position of the foetus during parturition (within the birth canal)
o Displacement of the uterus
o Torsion of the uterus (external, internal in the cow)
o Injuries of the bony part of the birth canal (symphysis pelvis, ileosacral joint)
• Vaginal exam
o Palpation
o Vaginoscopy
