102.Steps of artificial insemination in pig practice Flashcards
AI?
• Artificial insemination (AI) is the most important single technique for the genetic improvement of animals
where a few select males produce enough sperm to inseminate thousands of females per year
- Estrus detection and optimal time of insemination are essential for high performance
- Strict realization of sanitary conditions and maintaining accurate technology of insemination and sperm
storage are basic for good fertilization results.
Major advantages of AI ?
Major advantages
• Genetic improvement and introduction of new genetics
• Use of male with desirable genetic markers
• Permits crossbreeding
• Transport over long distance
• Availability of accurate breeding records
• Control of venereal diseases
• Economic service
• Essential after synchronization of estrus in large animal groups – group wise management in production
farms
• Useful research tool for investigation in male and female reproductive physiology
• Safety for eliminating dangerous boars
Major risks of Ai?
Major risks
• In case of wrong implementation all listed advantages are turning to opposite and generate huge harm
Semen Collection?
Semen collection
• Artificial vagina
o Good but inability to observe penis and secretions and can be difficult to apply
• Gloved-hand-method
o Easy observation of penis and seminal fluid possible. This method collects the semen into a
collecting vessel but the first phase is not collected –> we filter out the seminal plasma. Its benefits
are its disposable, aseptic, has a built in filter, has dilution in the bag and is equipped with a
dispensing connector
• Electroejaculation
o Used exceptionally, only under general anaesthesia and it can be risky
• Boar training
o First on female, then on phantom treated with boar scent – can be dangerous
AI semen collection?
AI semen collection
- With gloved hand into collecting vessel
- First phase not collected
- Seminal plasma filtered out
AI sperm collection?
AI sperm collection (Collectis)
• An automated system to collect boar semen. An artificial vaginal, fitted with a flexible membrane is hooked
to the boar’s penis. A pneumatic system controlled by a PLC sends varying pressures during collection to the
membrane in order to imitate the uterine contractions of the sow. This stimulates the boar’s penis better
AI US BAG METHOD?
AI US bag method
- Disposable
- Built in filter
- Dilution in the bag
- Equipped with dispensing connector
Semen Bottles?
Semen bottles
- IMV cochettes: plastic bags
- Tubes (coloured)
- Vials with coloured caps
- Semen dyes
Primary observation?
Primary observation- Qualitative and quantitative parameters
• Macroscopic
o Volume, colour, smell
• Microscopic
o Concentration, motility, morphology
Quality parameters for semen
Quality parameters for semen
- One AI dose: ³ 2 x 10^9 motile sperm cells and ³80ml
- Head abnormalities are more important than that of the tail
Extender for Sperm Dilution
Acromax
Androhep
BTS
MRA
Merk III
X-cell
Vital
Kiev
Androstar
LX II
TH4
Modena
Zorlesco medium vital
• Mean storage time: 3-7 days
Quality parameters for semen
Volume
(without gel mass) 100 to 300 ml
Motility at time
of collection min 70 %
Concentration Min 108 sperm cells/ml
Abnormal sperm cells < 20%
Deep intrauterine insemination and heat oriented insemination?
Deep Intrauterine Insemination
- Single intrauterine insemination of a reduced number of spermatozoa
- Tips of catheter can be spirette, foam tip or super tip
Heat Oriented Insemination
Early Oestrus (Day 3 or 4)
• 1st AI at 24-36 hours, 2nd AI at 12-16 hours, possible need for 3rd AI in 12-16 hours
Normal oestrus (Day 5)
• 1st AI at 12 hours, 2nd at 12-16 hours
Last oestrus (Day 6 or 7)
• 1st AI immediately, possible need for 2nd AI at 12-16 hours
Transport of semen?
16 degrees
