50. The management of retained foetal membranes in cattle Flashcards
Clinical Features of placental retention in Cattle?
Clinical features of placental retention in cattle:
• Placenta type – synepitheliochorial
(the presence of large numbers of binucleate cells. Ruminants have an epitheliochorial placenta. However, because
the uterine epithelium is modified by invasion and fusion of binucleate cells. It’s structure is generally referred to as
synepitheliochorial)
• Normal time until placenta is expelled – 6 – 12 hours
Consequences of placental retention?
Consequences of placental retention:
- Decrease in milk production
- Uterine infection, metritis
- Bad reproductive performance
- Metabolic Diseases ( LDA, Ketosis)
Causes of placental retention: POLYFACTORIAL?
- Lack of Uterine contractions postpartum
- Detachment disorder due to placental oedema
- Mechanical Causes
Lack of uterine contractions postpartum?
Lack of uterine contractions postpartum
- The uterine smooth muscles have tolerance with oxytocin
- Housing and nutrition problems
- BCS incr
- Deficiencies in macrominerals/microminerals, vitamins
- Inertia
- Metabolic disorders
- Stillbirth
- Twin pregnancy
- Increased labour time
Detachment disorder due to placental oedema?
Detachment disorder due to placental oedema
- Infectious causes
- Serious trauma
- Nutritional disorder
o CAROTENE
Mechanical causes?
Mechanical causes?
- Invagination of the pregnant uterine horn
- Septum in the vagina
Diagnosis of placental retention?
Diagnosis of placental retention:
• Usually easy
Treatment?
Treatment:
- Manual removal (hygiene)
- Systemic treatment
o Current scientific evidence is found for the beneficial effects of antibiotic usage in case of systemic
signs
• Uterine contractility drugs :
o OXYTOCIN, CARBETOCIN
• Enhancing the detachment of the placental : collagenase infusion :
o Umbilical artery , 200.000 IU + 1L Salsol
o Post calving 24-72 hr
o High Cost
• Vitamin E , Selenium : p.os, im
