85. Arthritis in swine, septic laminitis Flashcards
Arthritis in swine Ethiology and Pathologies?
Arthritis
Etiology
- Non-infectious
- Infectious
Pathologies
- Acute/chronic
- Serous/serous-fibrinous/fibrinous/purulent
- Arthritis chronica deformans
Non- infectious arthritis?
Erosion forming arthritis
Non erosion forming arthritis
Gout
Bacterial
Erosion forming arthritis?
Non-infectious arthritis
Erosion forming arthritis
• Rheumatoid-like
o IgG or IgM antibodies + antigen + complement (resulting from Cl. Perfringens A infection), anticollagen antibodies (animal model)
o Cartilage erosion, proliferative synovitis, pannus formation, then arthritis chronic deformans
Non erosion forming arthritis?
Non-erosion forming arthritis
• Secondary after a systemic infection
o Lupus, pyometra, dirofilariasis, endocarditis
o Immune-complex attachment to synovial blood vessels, thickening of the synovial membrane
Gout?
Gout
- Metabolic disease
- Urate deposition intra- and periarticular, and in internal organs
o Granuloma- tophus
• Rare
Bacterial ?
Bacterial
• Usually, the result of haematogen spread
o Navel infection, tail biting
- Usually, polyarthritis
- Can originate from a penetrating injury, can spread from bone or surrounding connective tissue
Erysipelas
o Fibrinous-purulent polyarthritis
o Chronic: immune complexes: arthritis chronica deformans, discospondylitis
Streptococcus spp
o Fibrinous-purulent polyarthritis + meningitis (pia mater)
Haemophilus parasuis
o Glasser-disease
o Serous-fibrinous polyarthritis
o Similar lesions on other serous membranes
o Good maternal immunity, more frequent in piglets of gilts
Mycoplasma spp
o M. Hyorhinis: 3–10-week-old or young adults
§ Serous-fibrinous polyarthritis, pericarditis, pleuritis, peritonitis, later adhesions
§ Diff dg: Glasser, streptococcus
o M. Hyosynoviae: 3-6-month-old animals
§ Lameness, serous-fibrinous arthritis, thickening of the synovial membrane
Other pathogens?
Other pathogens
o E. coli, staphylococcus, salmonella, klebsiella, Actinobacillosis equuli, Actinobacillosis suis,
Trueperella pyogenes
§ Tail biting, injury
§ Spinal abscesses
o Brucella suis
§ Fibrinous or fibrinous-purulent arthritis
§ Discospondylitis
Septic Laminitis ( Bush foot) Pathogenesis?
Septic laminitis (Bush foot)
Pathogenesis
- Technical problem- floor, farrowing crate size, biotin deficiency predisposes
- Penetrating injury of the sole or of the hood, cracks at the sole-hoof junction or splitting of the hoof itselflocus minoris resistentiae
- Inflammation and swelling of the hoof, severe pain at the coronary band (abscess)
- Usually unilateral (hind leg)
- Soft tissue inflammation- foot rot
Clinical signs Bush foot?
Clinical signs
- Lameness
- Visibly swollen hoof, abscess, fistular, phlegmon
Treatment of bush foot?
Treatment
• AB
o Lincomycin or oxytetracycline
• NSAID
o Ketoprofen or meloxicam
• Herd level foot rot
o Foot bath: copper sulphate, formalin (forbidden in the EU!!!)
Prevention of bush foot?
Prevention
- Proper floors, dry bedding (drinkers!!)
- Frequent disinfection
- Biotin supplementation
