Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Geography > Water Management > Flashcards

Water Management Flashcards

1
Q

What is making water management more important?

A

Rising demand and more complex issues like climate change

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the 2 ways to deal with supply? (Water)

A

1) techno-fix (innovations)
2) attitudinal fix (behavioural)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is hard engineering?

A

Using artificial structure to modify water supply

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are the three main types of hard engineering for water supply?

A

1) water transfer schemes (moving water form one place to another) - California
2) mega dams
3) desalinisation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is desalination?

A

Making sea water safe to drink

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What % of the world is water?

A

70%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What processes does desalination use?

A

Reverse osmosis
High to low concentration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the waste product of reverse osmosis?

A

Brine (salty water mixture)
When released can cause hyper salinisation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the population of Singapore?

A

4.2 million people

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Where is Singapore located?

A

South of Malaysia
In south east Asia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What type of area country is Singapore?

A

city state (very little space)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Why is being a city state difficult for Singapore?

A

High population density
Very difficult to store water

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Where did Singapore used to import its water from?

A

Malaysia making Singapore very water insecure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Why did Singapore stop importing water form Malaysia?

A

Prices were becoming more expensive
Malaysia also threatened to turn off supply

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What do they call grey/ recycled water in Singapore?

A

New water

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Why have they changed the name of grey water in Singapore?

A

In order to change peoples attitude on drinking used toilet water

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What % of Singapore’s water usage is New water?

A

30%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What will Singapore be doing to their harbour?

A

Will be turned into a fresh water reservoir

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What are the 4 taps in Singapore?

A

Imported water
Recycled water
Desalinated water
Catchment water

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

How much of Singapore’s water is imported from Malaysia?

A

1/2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

How much is desalinated water part of Singapore’s usage?

A

10% of needs mostly industry as people prefer taste of other options

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

How much pure water do they get from sea water in Singapore?

A

40% pure water
60% pure brine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

How much rain does Singapore get a year? (cm)

A

250cm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What type of rain does Singapore receive?

A

Monsoon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Where are Singapore building a dam?
In the Singapore river Will take 2 years to flush out all seawater and create a freshwater store Will be sued for drinking and recreational activities
26
What hard engineering adaptation are they doing in china?
Water transfers and mega dams
27
What is the name of the transfers scheme in china?
South to north
28
Why is water being transferred from the south to the north of china?
80% of water is in the south
29
How much water does Beijing receive per person per year?
100 cubic meters (water scarcity)
30
What % of river water have poor water quality? (China)
60%
31
How much has the water dropped under Beijing?
300m
32
How much freshwater can the water transfer scheme move per year?
25 billion m*3
33
what river will water be transferred form in china?
Yangtze from two routes east and central
34
How far will the china water scheme canals be?
Cover 1000km in distance
35
What are the economic concerns with the south to north water transfers scheme?
Very expensive- US$ 80 billion High maintenance and water costs Too expensive for farmers so continue to exploit ground water
36
What are the social concerns of the south north transfer scheme?
300,000 people displaced during construction of central route As level of Danjiangkous reservoir raised by 13m
37
What are the environmental concerns of the south north water transfer scheme?
Transfer of water doesn’t address underlying causes of water shortages in north: pollution, inefficient agriculture, industrial and urban use. Diversion reduces flow that may affect downstream river ecosystems
38
What will a question about water supply want to know about? (In exam)
Water management
39
What should the motto be for water management in agriculture?
More crop per drop
40
What type of irrigation is worse and why?
Surface flood irrigation Subject to evaporation Do not target areas that need the most water All areas of plant receive the same amount of water
41
What is hydroponics?
Producing food only using water
42
Why are hydroponics beneficial?
Crops grown inside in controlled conditions so evaporation is limited and transpiration vapour collected and used
43
What is an example of hydroponics in the uk?
Thanet earth- largest greenhouse complex in the uk
44
Where is Thanet earth?
Isle of Thanet, Kent
45
How big is Thanet earth?
90 hectares
46
How many greenhouses are at Thanet earth and how big are they?
7 greenhouses the size of 10 football fields each
47
Expected weekly yield from Thanet earth?
2.5 million tomatoes 0.5 million peppers 0.75 million cucumbers
48
What % of salad crop production for the UK comes form Thanet earth?
15%
49
What % water does Thanet earth use compared o traditional irrigation?
6%
50
When was the first harvest form Thanet earth?
In 2009
51
What is Singapore sky green?
Worlds first commercial vertical farm using hydroponics
52
When did Singapore sky green open?
2012
53
Why do they use vertical farming in Singapore?
As there is little space
54
What is a cheaper option compared to hydroponics?
Fog traps
55
Where are fog traps used?
Atacama desert Chile
56
How do fog traps work?
Put nets on hill side as the moisture form the ocean is blown out to sea it is caught on nets which turn the mist into water droplets This goes downhill through many filters before reaching the crop
57
What crop is currently grown using fog traps?
Aloe Vera
58
What is a Smart irrigation system comprised of?
Its own server Rain monitors which automatically adjust irrigation based on real time weather data
59
How efficient are modern drip irrigation systems?
80-90% water efficient So only waste a max of 20%
60
How water efficient is open irrigation?
40–50% So maximum of 60% of water is lost
61
What would it mean if something is 100% efficient?
There is no waste

Geography (103 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions