Deindustrialisation Flashcards
How have developed economies gained from the global shift?
reduced cost of manufacturing
redeployment of capital and labour to new industries
development of tertiary industries associated with the global shift
how have some areas lost out due to the global shift?
experienced considerable social and environmental problems linked to deindustrialisation
what is the problem with deindustrialisation?
industrial estates may be left derelict
can lead to significant decline in social, environmental and economic factors of an area
How can derelict industrial estates recover from deindustrialisation?
they can be repurposed for new industries or residential developments
what is the effect of the global shift on workers?
workers may only have skills and expectations associated with the secondary industry and may struggle to find employment in the tertiary and high-technology sectors
what common social factors are present in deindustrialised areas
above average unemployment rates and suffer from depopulation
what is depopulation?
substantial reduction in the population of an area.
what is the staple in areas that were associated with traditional mining and manufacturing?
High crime and dereliction
where can you find the brymbo steelworks?
in the village of brymbo near Wrexam wales
When did the Brymbo steelworks close?
1990
when had the brymbo steelworks been open since?
1796
How many redundancies happened due to Brymbo being closed?
1,200
who formerly controlled port Talbot?
Corus steel UK
who has owned port Talbot since 2007?
Tata Group
what is port Talbot facing?
significant budget cuts
What did Tata announce in November 2020
there would be 1000 job losses 750 from port Talbot
What is negative equity?
a deficit of owner’s equity, occurring when the value of an asset used to secure a loan is less than the outstanding balance on the loan.
Where is Detroit located?
in the NE, USA
west of the north Atlantic
what was Detroit’s purpose?
industrial area (automotive industry)
where did industry from Detroit move to?
the pacific rim
what was Detroit’s population in 1920?
994,000
what happened to the population of Detroit between 1920 and 1950?
it steadily increased to its peak in the 1950’s at 1.8 million people
what has happened to Detroit’s population since the 1960’s?
has slowly been declining
what is Detroit’s population in 2016?
670,000
what is significant about Detroit’s population change between 1920 and 2016?
the number of people in 2016 is actually lower than that of 1920
What prompted Henry ford to set up shop in Detroit?
a thriving carriage trade
when did Henry ford build his automobile factory in Detroit?
1899
What rival manufacturers of Ford also moved to Detroit?
General Motors
Chrysler
American motors
why was Detroit called the “car capital of the world”?
As many automobile companies set up their headquarters there
What infrastructure in Detroit helped car companies
the already existing machine toll and coach-building industry
What did the development of the automobile industry lead to?
a rise in demands for labour
where did the workers come from to fill the labour demands in Detroit?
Europe and the American south
what happened to Detroit’s population between 1900 and 1930?
went from 265,000 to over 1.5 million
when did automobile production reach its peak in Detroit?
1965
what happened to automobile companies in Detroit?
companies merged, or quit, or moved
why did a lot of companies begin to disappear from Detroit?
growing foreign and domestic competition
what began replacing workers in the few reaming factories in Detroit?
Automated machines
How much has the people employed by Chrysler changed?
dropped form 130,000 to 50,000 workers
what was the unemployment rate at Detroit’s peak deindustrialisation?
30% were unemployed
what the present day unemployment % in Detroit?
20%
what has the US government said about Detroit?
an area of substantial and persistent unemployment
what is an example of a factory that suffered greatly form automation?
Ford’s Rouge complex
how did the number of people employed in the Ford Rouge factory drop?
85,000 in 1955 to 30,000 by 1965
what is the positive of automation?
increases output and reduces labour outputs
What problem do unemployed factory workers have?
with little education or training there are few jobs workers can do
What is the total welfare (benefits) payments in Detroit?
$28 million
How poor is Detroit?
Second poorest city in the US
How are old projects for development affecting Detroit?
vast areas that were demolished for redevelopment remain empty with nothing materialising
why was the peak of car production in Detroit 1965 when people had already started to move?
due to automation of factories production still increased
