Energy Security Flashcards
What is consumption of energy per capita often directly related to?
Level of economic development - increased wealth drives demand for consumer goods that use energy
What are the surprising countries on the map for energy use per capita in 2013?
Iceland and Oman highest
China relatively low
Why do Iceland and Oman have such high energy usage per capita?
Iceland- cold and dark (light and heat), very cheap as naturally produced (geothermal), don’t worry about price so use more
Oman- where oil is extracted so cheap due to abundance and government not wanting to overcharge population
Why is China so low on map for energy per capita in 2013?
High population so greater spread of data
Not high car usage/ ownership
Many still agrarian
What is GDP per unit of energy use?
Measure of the energy’s efficiency of a nations economy
What does a high efficiency of GDP per unit of energy mean?
High conversion of energy to GDP
Tertiary and quaternary industry
What does a low efficiency of GDP per unit energy use suggest?
Primary and secondary
Low conversions of energy into GDP
Why does China have a low GDP per unit of energy?
Machines and factories that require lots of energy to produce cheap goods
What 2 types of energy subdivision are there?
Primary
Secondary
What is primary energy?
Energy form found in nature that has not been subjected to any human conversion process
What is secondary energy?
All energy obtained from transforming primary energy
What are some examples of secondary energy?
Petrol
Hydrogen
Electricity
What 2 categories can primary energy be split into?
Non-renewable
Renewable
What non-renewable energy sources are there?
Coal
Oil
Gas
Nuclear
What 2 ways can renewables be split?
Exhaustible
Inexhaustible
What is exhaustible renewable energy?
Although it can be replenished if done so too quickly or intensively we will run out
What are some exhaustible renewables?
Biofuel
Biodiesel
What are examples of inexhaustible renewables?
HEP
Solar
Tidal
Wind
Geothermal
What will a country with a higher GDP per unit of energy be like?
Highly economically productive
Mild temperate weather
Demographic of working closer to home
Fuel efficient vehicles
Support carpools
Mass transportation, walk or cycle
UK or Spain
What will a country with a lower energy efficiency be like?
Economically unproductive
Extreme weather conditions requiring heating or cooling
Extensive use of generally poor fuel economy vehicles
Canada
What is energy security?
Uninterrupted availability of energy sources at an affordable price
What are the factors of energy security?
Affordable and competitively priced energy supply
Accessible and available supply
Energy mix dependant on domestic rather than imported energy sources
Reliable and uninterrupted energy supply
What does affordable and competitively priced energy supply mean?
Can population afford the energy (UK problem)
What does it mean if energy is interrupted?
Electricity off for set times
Uncertain if you will have power
What does accessible and available energy supply mean?
Do people struggle to get access to fuel
What does reliable and uninterrupted energy mean?
No blackouts or need for generators for power
What does energy mix dependant on domestic instead of imported mean?
Good as create own if not it’s dangerous- not safe position if conflict (Ukraine and Russia - uk got 5% oil from Russia)
Why are the UK friendly with Saudi Arabia when they really shouldn’t be?
Provide UK with 90% of OIL which UK couldn’t function without
What changes have occurred to global energy mix over time?
Increased reliance of fossil fuels
1940= 75 exajoules
2004= 500 exajoules
What is the problem with analysing pie charts?
Although segments may change in size it doesn’t man its decreased just that its proportion of whole use has reduced