National Identity Flashcards
What is nationalism?
Where one is loyal and devoted to the state
What are some symbols of nationalism? (UK)
Know the nations anthem
Flying the flag
Support royal family
Support British food/ brands
Anti-migration?
Vote for Brexit?
What affects Identity and loyalty? (Uk)
Physical landscape of a place
Traditions
Legal system and sense of Justice
Monarchy and history
How does the physical landscape of the UK affect identity and loyalty?
Attachment to green grass of England
Woodlands and hills make UK look and feel different
What is the UK legal system based around?
Common law
What is common law?
IN effect judges look at facts brought to them and apply previous rulings (pretences) to those facts
What is used in Spain instead of common law?
Civil law
What is civil law?
Judges make a decision purely based on the information brought to them
What is the Westphalian model?
Westphalian sovereignty or state sovereignty is the principle in international law that each nation state has exclusive sovereignty over its territory
How is the Westphalian model part of the UN charter?
It states that nothing should authorise intervention in matters within the domestic jurisdiction of any state
What are some challenges linked to sovereignty?
Migrants and multiculturalism
TNCs
Supranational organisations such as WTO and IMF (Jamaica)
Supranational group-trade Blocs such as the EU
Contested borders- political dominance of ethnic groups
What is an example of TNCs challenging sovereignty?
In Indonesia where they lobbied governments to change minimum wage to $1 per dat in 1960
What has led to a high influx of goods and people from a range of nations?
Globalisation- increasing the number of ethnic groups within a nation
What did the 2011 census say about which religion was most likely to described them selves as British?
Sikhs 62%
Which religion was identified in the 2011 census as being least likely to identify as British?
Christianity (15%)
Which part of the England considers themselves the most English based on 2011 census?
Eastern coastal region
Why can it be difficult to pin down a nations cultural unity?
As to a degree all nations are heterogenous
What did Benedict Anderson any about nations in 1991?
A nation is not ‘real’ but an ‘imaginary community’
What are the 3 key elements of nationalism?
National identity (Who you believe you are)
Patriotism (love for our country)
Self determination (power for sovereignty in own territory)
What are the challenges to national identity?
Foreign ownership of prized assets
Anti globalisation movements and nationalists believe ‘sell offs’ are a threat
Overseas ownership of British brands
What are some examples of migrant ownership of prized assets?
Architecturally important London Addresses now owned by Oligarchs (Football clubs, power stations)
What are some examples of British businesses owned by overseas owners?
Cadbury purchased by kraft in 2012
Chinese government own 10% of Heathrow airport
What is Americanisation?
Soft power of America (west generally) in changing national identity of many nations
What are some examples of American companies that influence culture and sense of identity?
Disney
Apple
McDonald’s
MTV
How many factories does nike have?
692
In how many countries does nike have factories in?
42
How many people are employed by nike?
1 million
What influence does nike have like many other TNCs?
It can impact on laws, regulations, and changes taking place in a country
What has happened with the relationship between LIDCs and TNCs?
LIDCs have become reliant on TNCs to integrate their economy into the global economy so have almost become pawns to TNCs
What can nationalism be used to show besides faith in nation states?
Support for smaller nations that don’t have full sovereignty such as Wales, Scotland, Catalonia and Basque
What problem does Spain have regarding its territorial integrity?
Both Catalan and basque have driven for independence
Where is the Basque Country?
Sits over the border of northern Spain and south west France
How many people consider themselves Basque?
3.1 million people
What parts of Basque mean it could qualify as a nation?
Language (Euskara)
Culture taught in schools
Tradition
Architecture
What step towards independence has the basque region acquired?
Can dictate education
Has own parliament and political autonomy
What did basque nationalists do to try acquire more independence?
Formed ETA (pro separatist group) and have carried out violent acts in the past
What large scale peaceful protest did separatists undertake in basque?
Created a human chain form Durango to Pamplona in 2014
Why did marches occur in Bilbao? (Basque)
Due to poor human rights or political prisoners imprisoned
What is special about South Sudan?
Most recent state in the world having broken from Sudan in 2011
What has happened since South Sudan’s independence?
Conflicts have continued since independence due to the fact the president is Dinka and Vice President is Neur (different ethic groups)
What have the been the effects of the continued conflict with Sudan and South Sudan?
Thousands of deaths
730,000 refugees
8 million at risk of food insecurity
Why is South Sudan a very fragile state?
Power and sovereignty weaken by government failure
