Ice House To Greenhouse: Climate Change

Question 1

What is carbon dating

Answer 1

Using radioactive testing to find the age of rocks which contained living material

Question 2

What is erosion

Answer 2

Waering away of the landscape

Question 3

What is an eon

Answer 3

Basic unit of geological time where a type of rock system is formed

Question 4

What is an era

Answer 4

Subdivsion of geological time divides an eon into smaller units

Question 5

What is an example of an eon

Answer 5

The phanerozoic eon

Question 6

What era is the phanerozoic eon split into

Answer 6

Paleozoic
Mesozoic
Cenozoic

Question 7

What is an epoch

Answer 7

Longer than an age and shorter than a period

Question 8

What is geology

Answer 8

Earth science
Study of solid rock
Rocks of which its composed.
Change the rock goes through

Question 9

What is glaciation

Answer 9

A cold period of time where glaciers expanded widley

Question 10

What is strata

Answer 10

Horizontal layers of rock

Question 11

What is a greenhouse earth

Answer 11

No continental icesheets on earth due ti warmer tenperatures from higher concentration of greenhouse gases in atmosphere
Normal/ most common state

Question 12

What is ice house earth

Answer 12

Ice sheets cover a large proportion of the land due to overall temperature of earth being lower than average

Question 13

How many known ice house earths ahve there been

Answer 13

At least 5

Question 14

What is a glacial period

Answer 14

Cooler when ice advances

Question 15

What is an interglacial period

Answer 15

Wamer when ice retreats

Question 16

What is the name the most recent ice age

Answer 16

Quaternary ice age
Started 2.6million years ago to present day

Question 17

What are the two epochs of the quaternary

Answer 17

Plesitocene lasted untill 10000 years ago
Holocene 10,000 years to present day

Question 18

How many glacial and interglacial cycles happened in the Pleistocene epoch

Answer 18

50 cycles

Question 19

What happened during the Pleistocene

Answer 19

Glaciers reached their maximum extent

Question 20

What is the last glacial extent know as

Answer 20

Devensian

Question 21

When did the devensian occur

Answer 21

18,000years ago

Question 22

What was rhe last glacial advance in the uk called

Answer 22

Loch lomond stadial

Question 23

When did the loch lomond stadial occur

Answer 23

12,000-10,000 yrs before present

Question 24

What has been linked to the start of the quaternary ice age

Answer 24

Changing position of continents a result of plate tectonics
North and south american plates collided creating the panama isthmus

Question 25

What is an isthmus

Answer 25

A thin stretch of land with oceans on both sides

Question 26

How were trade winds affected (creation of Panama isthmus)

Answer 26

Wamr carribean waters that flowed through the gap between the americas were forced towards europe creating the gukd stream

Question 27

What did the formation of the gulf stream do

Answer 27

Transported extra moisture into the arctic atmosphere this fell as snow triggering the build up of the greenland ice sheet

Question 28

When did Antarctica seperate from SA

Answer 28

34 million years ago

Question 29

What was created when Antarctica seperated from SA

Answer 29

The drake passage Antarctica was completely surrounded by ocean

Question 30

What is the circupolar current

Answer 30

Ocean currents isolating Antarctica from the warmth of global oceans

Question 31

Why is it cooler in Antarctica

Answer 31

Oblique solar rays larger area receives a lesser concentration per M

Question 32

Why is it warmer near the equator

Answer 32

Verticle rats so the solar rays are more concentrated per m

Question 33

What has happened to global temperatures on average

Answer 33

They are increasing

Question 34

What is eccentricity

Answer 34

Shape of earths orbit Circular to elliptical 100,000year cycle

Question 35

When is there more solar radiation exposure for eccentricity (elliptical or circular)

Answer 35

Elliptical

Question 36

What is the furthest point in earths orbit from the sun

Answer 36

Aphelion

Question 37

What is the closest point in earths orbit to the sun

Answer 37

Perihelion

Question 38

What is obliquity

Answer 38

Tilt of earths axis during its orbit Varies between 21.5 and 25.5 41,000yr cycle Changes season severity

Question 39

What is the procession of equinoxs

Answer 39

Wobble as earth spins Season where earth experiences perihelion changes Northern hemisphere winter at perihelion 21,000yr cycle Affects seasonsl intensity

Question 40

What volcanic eruption occurred in april 1815

Answer 40

Mt Toabora, indonesia

Question 41

What happened to temperatures the followng year after the Italian volcanic eruption

Answer 41

Accounts of very cold weather documented globally

Question 42

What did scientists originally cuased the cooling after volcanic eruptions

Answer 42

Ash emittied into the atmosphere was responsible for widespread cooling However, measurments showed that most ash retured to surface within a few weeks/months

Question 43

What is the main contributer to volcanic colling

Answer 43

Vast amount of sulphur dioxide gas injected into the atmosphere for upto three years

Question 44

How do sulphate aerosols cause net cooling

Answer 44

They increase the reflection rate of solar radiation back into space cooling earths lower atmosphere

Question 45

What is the name for variations in solar outputs

Answer 45

Sunspots

Question 46

What are sunspots

Answer 46

Darker areas on the suns photosphere Regions of reduced surface temperature

Question 47

What causes sunspots

Answer 47

Cooncentrations of magnetic field flux that inhibits convection

Question 48

What do sunspots indicate

Answer 48

The sun is more active releasing more thermal energy

Question 49

What is the maunder minumum

Answer 49

Sun was observed to have very little solar spot activity at the end of the little ice age (1650-1750)