Management Of Regeneration- national Flashcards
What are the 3 main ways the national government can manage regeneration?
Infrastructure investment (HS2)
Rate and type of development
Planning decisions
What are some examples of economic infrastructure?
Economic infrastructure - roads, railways, tramways, gas pipes, electricty cables and telecom networks.
What are some examples of social infrastructure?
Public housing, hospitals, libaries, leisure centres, schools and universities
What is hard regeneration?
Used to refer to capital investment, physical buildings and infrastructure
What is soft regeneration?
Skills and education
What are someplayers in regeneration management?
County councils
Parish councils
NGO’s
Environmental groups
Charities
Differcenes in opinion case study 1: heathrow airport? (Background)
Airport commission rescommened an expansion plan at heathrow including a third runway. Privatley funded with some public funding (£18.6 bn)
Who was for and against the heathrow expansion?
For:
Boris johnson (when london mayor), many Mp’s and protest groups
Against:
British chambers of commerce, richard branson, local residents and environmentalists
What are the two phases of HS2
2 phases
Phase one connects birmingham to london
Phase 2 connects birmingham to the north (northern powerhouse)
What are Planning laws
Uk central and local governments have tightly controlled all aspects of development since 1948 through plan-led system
Many projects need planning permisssion to go ahead
What is fracking?
Obtaining gas fom shale rock by hydraulic fracturing is called fracking used to provide eenergy for homes.
What license is given to gas companies?
Exploration license, environmental impact assesments are required.
Why have there been protests about mining? (Fracking)
Due to environmental fears and potential impacts of groundwater pollution and earthquakes.
What was the right to buy scheme?
Policy that resulted in the sale of 2 million homes from 1980-1995
Expectation was charitable or private hosuing would rep;ace local authorities in building lower cost homes but this has not happened
What are the issues of House-building targets and hose affordability?
Availability of affordable homes is a national issue
Underinvestment in housing (2008 economic downturn)
Shortage of owner occupied and rented occupation
Multiple empty properties
What was stage one in the history of regeneration? (UK)
Redevelopment and renewal words used to rebuild homes after WW2 bombing
Slum clearance and housing improvements at neighbourhood level
What were the buildings built after WW2 like
‘Brutalist’ concrete heavy, quick to build and functionally effective
Who was elected as prime minister in 1979
Margaret thatcher- conservative governent
What did Margaret thatcher do for regeneration
Large urban development corporations set up
Public money spent on land and attracting private investors
Little consultation with locals (problems with london dock land)
Introduced right to buy scheme
What government was in power form 1997 to 2010
The ‘new labour government’
What did the 1997 - 2010 government introduce
Pro-public housing
Local democracy
Bottom-up approach (local, small scale)
How was peoples participitation affected by the new labour government
Empowered as they felt deciosns were partially influenced by locals
What happened with post 2010 regeneration? (Government)
Governemnt hold bids for funding that proves it will bring economic gain
What is the history with the uk and international migration
Government fluctuates from encouraging to restricting immigration
What are some encouragement policies for immigration
Increased national GDP
Skill shortages filled
Willingness to work hard for low wages
Young workers and famalies stabalise ageing population
UK restrictive opinions on immigration?
“They take our jobs/ houses”
‘They are a drain on public resources”
Uk decsions that have destabalised the capital markets
Enable foreing investments in prime london real estate
Can control flow of foreign workers and foreign money
Tight restrictions on banking and capital markets since 1920 depression
What are some of the most epensive homes in the uk
Second homes
Where the the “most eclusive home” in the uk
Hyde park
What is different about hyde park and housing
Its the second address of many owners
What countries ban over seas investors
China and indonesia
How are foreign investors treated in the uk?
Treated more favourably then uk citizens I.e. easier to buy a second home
How much can you receive from the financial services compensation scheme?
Up to £75,000 if their provider goes bust
