Tax Havens Flashcards

1
Q

What did starbucks do involving tax between 2009 and 2012?

A

Reported no profit and paid no income tax on sales on £1.2 billion

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2
Q

When did starbucks start paying more tax?

A

In 2015 paid as much as its first 14 years after pressure to scrap complex tax structures

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3
Q

Why have shoppers been urged to boycott Amazons British business?

A

It paid only £4.2 million despite sales of £4.3 billion

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4
Q

How did facebooks tax change after it expanded in the UK?

A

Paid £4.2 million in 2015 but tax increase from 2014 only £4300

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5
Q

What is an example of a celebrity illegally reducing their tax?

A

Jimmy Carr used o K2 tax scheme as a way to lower his tax

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6
Q

What are Luxembourg’s corporate tax rates like?

A

Low

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7
Q

What does Luxembourg have an extremely low tax rate on?

A

sending money into and out of the country

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8
Q

What is the tax charge for corporations that funnel money through Luxembourg?

A

Around 1%

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9
Q

Why is Luxembourg’s low tax rate a huge incentive for large corporations?

A

Have the opportunity to save billions in corporate tax bills

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10
Q

What is not present to this day in Jersey involving tax?

A

No inheritance or capital gains tax

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11
Q

What is the corporate tax rate in Jersey?

A

0%

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12
Q

What is the exception with tax rates in Jersey?

A

Taxes levied on financial services, utility and property companies

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13
Q

What is the Caymans rules on tax?

A

Laws that allow a corporation to be formed and retain their assets without paying tax when held for business purposes its perfectly legal

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14
Q

What can be done to avoid Puerto Rican tax levies?

A

Can avoid most of it if you apply for one of 2 special “tax decrees”

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15
Q

With the tax decrees in Puerto Rico what is the tax rate?

A

4%

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16
Q

How long do you have to live in Puerto Rico to get the tax decrees?

A

6 months

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17
Q

What do tax havens facilitate?

A

The uneven distribution of wealth and capital in favour of more developed nations, the wealthy elite and TNCs

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18
Q

Why do people use tax havens?

A

No one wants to lose a sum of money earnt but mots countries charge tax on how much you earn

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19
Q

What is an example of income tax in the uk?

A

20% on anything between 12000-50000
40% between 50000-150000
After that 50%

20
Q

Why do millionaires and TNCs use tax havens?

A

They would be taxed a significant amount so tax of almost 0% or below 10 reduces that loss

21
Q

How much in dollars are locate din tax havens?

A

between 5 and 7 trillion

22
Q

How much have Cayman registered banks accumulated?

A

$1.5 trillion

23
Q

How much have Luxembourg’s mutual funds amassed?

A

$2.3 trillion

24
Q

How much money do swiss private bankers mange?

A

$4trillion of assets

25
What did the Tax Justice Network estimate the loss to higher tax rate countries is because of Tax havens?
$255 billion
26
What could tax money that richer countries lose be invested in?
Infrastructure projects Economic boost
27
How much of global trade goes through tax havens
half
28
How much of global wealth in tax havens?
1/3
29
How much dies it cost to make a shelf company in Puerto Rico?
$1000 to set up $500 to hire a person to be nominated director company
30
What makes someone be classified as high net worth?
$1 million to 50 million
31
What makes someone classified as Ultra high net worth?
$50 million upwards
32
What is trade liberalisation?
Economic efficiency can only be achieved if regulations are removed
33
What is deregulation?
Removing the role of the government in the economy and allow the free movement of capital
34
What sort of low tax states will TNCs go to?
Switzerland Luxembourg Ireland
35
What is corporate migration?
When TNCs leave traditional homes for low tax states
36
Why might a TNC not participate in corporate migration?
Brand authenticity Corporate responsibility Public perception Want security and protection from the government
37
What will companies that do not use corporate migration do instead?
Transfer pricing
38
What is transfer pricing?
Reducing tax burden by routing profits through a subsidiary company owned by a parent company
39
Where will the subsidiary company be based for transfer pricing?
Tax haven or low tax state
40
Which 3 regions have the most ultra high net worth individuals?
North America- 230,000 Asia- 170,000 Europe- 150,000
41
Which countries have low amounts of ultra high net worth individuals?
Russia- 7000 Africa- 2200
42
What are kleptocracies often associated with?
Dictatorships or other autocratic governments
43
How do kleptocratic officials who control public finds treat the money?
As a source of personal wealth
44
What is an example of a kleptocratic offical?
General Suharto in Indonesia-
45
How was Suharto kleptocratic?
Spent IMF loans personally and left population with debt
46
How do kleptocratic officials get away with using public funds?
Secretly transfer into hidden personal numbered bank accounts in foreign countries to provide income if they are removed form power