Development theories

Question 1

What are the 3 development theories?

Answer 1

World systems theory
Dependancy theory
Modernisation theory

Question 2

When was the modernisation theory created?

Answer 2

In the 1960s

Question 3

Who created the modernisation theory?

Answer 3

WW Rostow

Question 4

What is the modernisation theory?

Answer 4

a theory that a country would develop in 5 stages

Question 5

What are the five stages of the modernisation theory?

Answer 5

Traditional theory
Pre-conditions for take off
Take off
Drive to maturity
High mass conumption

Question 6

Does any country fit tradional society of modernisation theory?

Answer 6

No

Question 7

What is the traditional society stage of the modernaisation theory?

Answer 7

Mainly agricultural
Little manufacturing
Leaders are landowners
Rule of law limited

Question 8

When was traditional society in the UK?

Answer 8

600 years (1400-1500)

Question 9

What is the pre-conditions for take off stage of modernisation theory?

Answer 9

growth of manufaucturing
still mainly agricultural
development of central governement
basic legal system

Question 10

What are some examples of nations that are in the pre-conditions for take off stage?

Answer 10

Agrarian African nations (Mali and Somalia)

Question 11

when was the uk in the pre-conditions for take off stage?

Answer 11

early 1800’s

Question 12

What is the take off stage?

Answer 12

Focus on manufacturing
Surge in technology
development of court system
know currency

Question 13

when was the take off stage for the uk?

Answer 13

late 1800’s start of industrial revolution

Question 14

what are some exmaples of countries currenlty on take off stage?

Answer 14

Bangladesh
Pakistan

Question 15

what is the drive to maturity stage?

Answer 15

significant economic growth
technology embedded into life
highly industrialised

Question 16

What are some countries in the drive to maturity stage?

Answer 16

India
Brazil
China

Question 17

when was UK in the dirve to maturity stage?

Answer 17

1950’s-60’s

Question 18

what is high mass consumption? (Last part of development model)

Answer 18

Tertiary and quaternary industry (brain power)
Highly educated society
significant social welfare (society)

Question 19

what are some examples of countries who are in high mass consumption stage?

Answer 19

UK
USA
France
Australia

Question 20

when did the UK enter the high mass consumption stage?

Answer 20

1970’s-80’s

Question 21

what is the main problem with the modernisation theory?

Answer 21

only looks at economic growth and cannot help understand the culture and political aspects needed for superpower status

Question 22

Why should we not bet 100% china will be the next superpower?

Answer 22

As Japan were predicted to be a global superpower but they have not reached this level

Question 23

What was Japan destined to be in the 1980?

Answer 23

A global superpower

Question 24

How did Japans GDP per capita compare to the rest of the globe in the 1980’s?

Answer 24

Had a higher GDP per capita then the USA or UK

Question 25

Why was Japan destined to be the next superpower?

Answer 25

due to being the world leader in technological exports

Question 26

What happened to the Japanese economy in 1990/95?

Answer 26

its economy popped

Question 27

How did property cause the Japan economy pop?

Answer 27

property value bubble burst causing a collapse of the stock maket

Question 28

How did high interest rates cause the Japan economy to pop?

Answer 28

high interest rates of 4-6% encouraged saving over spending (slowing economy)

Question 29

How did an ageing popualtion cause the Japan economy to collapse?

Answer 29

Became a problem wuickly as there were less individuls who were earning and spending money (further slowing economic growth)

Question 30

How did competitors lead to the Japan economic pop?

Answer 30

more competitive Asian nations (China and South Korea) stole Japans lead on hi-tech consumer goods

Question 31

who created the dependancy theory?

Answer 31

A.G. Frank

Question 32

How did Frank view the world?

Answer 32

as having a developed core and underdeveloped periphery

Question 33

What did Frank theorise? (Superpowers)

Answer 33

that the developed core deliberately keeps the periphery in a state of underdevelopment by exploiting its cheap resources, taking the most skilled worekers and selling it manufactured goods

Question 34

What things do developed nations ‘give’ that keep the periphery underdeveloped?

Answer 34

Manufactured goods Polluting industry Aid Brain drain

Question 35

What does the periphery give that keeps core countries rich?

Answer 35

Politial and economic ideas Raw materials Political support Debt repayment + Purchase payments

Question 36

Who created the world systems theory?

Answer 36

Wallerstein

Question 37

What is the world systems theory?

Answer 37

that there is a world economic system where some countries benefit and some are exploited

Question 38

What does the world system say about core countries?

Answer 38

Dominant Capitalist exploit peripheral countries for labour and raw material

Question 39

What does the world systems theory say about Peripheral countries?

Answer 39

dependent on core countries for capital and are less industrialized and urbanized

Question 40

WHat does the world system say about semi-peripheral countries?

Answer 40

countries share characteristics of both core and periphral countries

Question 41

What is the USA an example of in the world systems theory?

Answer 41

Core country

Question 42

Why is the USA a core country?

Answer 42

lots of capital lots of well-paid labour import materials from nearby Mexico and Brazil

Question 43

What is India seen as in the world systems theory?

Answer 43

Semi-peripheral

Question 44

Why is India seen as semi-peripheral?

Answer 44

largely dependant on foreign investors for capital growing tech industry emerging middle class market

Question 45

What is Cape Verde on world systems theory?

Answer 45

Peripheral country

Question 46

Why is Cape Verde seen as a peripheral country?

Answer 46

foreing investors extract raw materials produce cash crops all are exported to wealthier nations with little profit return