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MOD > Superficial and Subcutaneous Fungal Infections > Flashcards

Superficial and Subcutaneous Fungal Infections Flashcards

1
Q

What type of microorganisms are fungi?

A

Spore forming eukaryotes

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2
Q

Fungal Hyphae

A

Filamentous Multicellular structure

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3
Q

If Fungal Hyphae group together, that forms?

A

Mold

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4
Q

Yeast

A

Unicellular budding form

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5
Q

If Yeasts group together, that forms?

A

Pseudohyphae

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6
Q

Spores

A

Reproductive single cell produced by Hyphae

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7
Q

What forms can fungi take?

A

Hyphae or Yeast

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8
Q

Fungi are thermally dimorphic. What does that mean?

A

Their shape depends on the temperature

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9
Q

At what temperature will fungi be hyphae?

A

Colder - 25 degrees celsius and 77 degrees F

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10
Q

At what temperature will fungi be yeast?

A

Warmer - 37 degrees celsius and 98.6 degrees F

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11
Q

Unicellular budding form of fungi

A

Yeast

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12
Q

Filamentous multicellular structure of fungi

A

Hyphae

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13
Q

What are the 3 main groups of Superficial Fungal Infections?

A

Pityriasis Versicolor
Tinea Nigra
Dermatophytes

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14
Q

What causes Pityriasis Versicolor?

A

Malassezia species

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15
Q

Malassezia species that causes Pityriasis Versicolor has what appearance?

A

Spaghetti and meatballs

- Hyphae and spores

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16
Q

What symptoms are seen with a Pityriasis Versicolor infection?

A

Hypopigmented or Hyperpigmented skin macules

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17
Q

What causes Tinea Nigra?

A

Hortaea Werneckii

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18
Q

Hortaea Werneckii causes?

A

Tinea Nigra

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19
Q

Symptoms of Tinea Nigra?

A

Dark brown/black spots on the PALM

20
Q

Dark brown/black spots on the PALM

A

Tinea Nigra

21
Q

How do you diagnose the superficial fungal infections?

A

Skin scrape with KOH examination

22
Q

What do Dermatophytes secrete and why?

A

Keratinase to invade the skin

23
Q

What overall appearances are seen with Dermatophyte infections?

A

Itchy, circular, red ring scaly rashes

24
Q

Circular, red ring, scaly rashes are likely due to?

A

Dermatophytes

25
Q

What are the Dermatophytes?

A 
Tinea Corporis
Tinea Cruris
Tinea Pedis
Tinea Capitis
Tinea Unguium
Tinea Barbae
26
Q

Tinea Corporis

A

Affects BODY

“ring worm”

27
Q

Tinea Cruris

A

Affects GROIN

“jock itch”

28
Q

Tinea Pedis

A

Affects TOES and FEET

“athletes foot”

29
Q

Tinea Capitis

A

Affects CHILDREN’S SCALP

30
Q

Tinea Unguium

A

Affects nails

31
Q

Tinea Barabae

A

Affects hair

32
Q

Dermatophytes will also ______ under UV light

A

Fluoresce green

33
Q

What are the Subcutaneous Fungal Infections?

A

Sporothrix Schenkii

Chromoblastomycosis

34
Q

What are the Subcutaneous Fungal Infections?

A

Sporothrix Schenkii

Chromoblastomycosis

35
Q

Sporothrix Schenkii is usually found where?

A

GARDENS - plants and soil

36
Q

How do you get an infection with Sporothrix Schenkii?

A

Traumatic implantation of fungus into hand or foot

37
Q

Transportation method and symptoms of Sporothrix Schenkii?

A

Transported proximally through the lymphatics

= Subcutaneous Ulcerative Nodule formation

38
Q

Thermally dimorphic subcutaneous fungus?

A

Sporothrix Schenkii

39
Q

Chromoblastomycosis is usually found where?

A

Tropical environments

40
Q

How do you get an infection with Chromoblastomycosis?

A

Traumatic implantation of fungus via splinters or thorns

41
Q

Transportation method and symptoms of Chromoblastomycosis?

A

Transported through the lymphatics

= Violet wart-like lesion –> Cauliflower wart

42
Q

How long does it take for Chromoblastomycosis to turn from a violet wart-like lesion to a cauliflower wart?

A

Months to years

43
Q

Cauliflower wart is seen with?

A

Chromoblastomycosis

44
Q

What protective form does Chromoblastomycosis have that causes it to be resistant to immune reactions?

A

Sclerotic bodies

45
Q

What do Sclerotic bodies do and what are they seen with?

A
  • Seen with Chromoblastomycosis

= Protect fungus from immune reaction

MOD (68 decks)

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