Benign Tumors of Infancy and Childhood (10)

Question 1

Heterotopia

Answer 1

Choristoma

- Normal tissue that is in an Abnormal location

Question 2

Hamartoma

Answer 2

Normal tissue that is in its normal location but is weirdly organized (overgrowth)

Question 3

What is the most common tumor of infancy?

Answer 3

Hemagioma

Question 4

List 3 common benign tumors of infancy

Answer 4

Hemangioma
Fibrous tumors
Teratomas

Question 5

Where are most hemangiomas located?

Answer 5

Face and scalp

Question 6

What do hemangiomas look like?

Answer 6

Benign tumors on the face/scalp that are either flat or elevated red or blue masses

Question 7

“port wine stain”

Answer 7

Hemangiomas!

Question 8

How are hemangiomas treated?

Answer 8

They usually spontaneously regress

Question 9

With what disease are hemangiomas occasionally associated with?

Answer 9

Von Hippel-Lindau

Question 10

Von Hippel-Lindau Disease is associated with what childhood tumor?

Answer 10

Hemangiomas

Question 11

What are the main familial CNS cavernous hemangioma genes?

Answer 11

KRIT1, CCM2, PCDC10

Question 12

Fibrous tumors are proliferations of what cell shape?

Answer 12

Spindle

Question 13

Fibrous tumors are almost identical to what adult tumor?

Answer 13

Fibrosarcoma

Question 14

What is the most common teratoma?

Answer 14

Sacrococcygeal Teratoma

Question 15

In what gender are Sacrococcygeal Teratomas more common?

Answer 15

4X more common in females

Question 16

Sacrococcygeal Teratomas - histologically immature or mature?

Answer 16

Mature

Question 17

Most common malignant neoplasm of infancy and childhood?

Answer 17

Leukemia

Question 18

Survival rate of cancers - better for children or adults?

Answer 18

Children

Question 19

Describe the histologic appearance of childhood cancers

Answer 19

1. Undifferentiated cells
2. Small round nuclei in cells in sheets
3. Show features of organogenesis specific to site of tumor

Question 20

How are many childhood cancers described histologically?

Answer 20

“small round blue cell tumors”

Question 21

Why are childhood cancers give the “-blastoma” suffix?

Answer 21

They show organogenesis specific to the site of the tumor

Question 22

How do the cells look in most childhood cancers?

Answer 22

Undifferentiated; Small cells aligned in a sheet with round nuclei